Design of the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial

Prorok, Philip C.; Andriole, Gerald L.; Bresalier, Robert S.; Buys, Saundra S.; Chia, David; Crawford, E. David; Fogel, Ronald; Gelmann, Edward P.; Gilbert, Fred I.; Hasson, Marsha; Hayes, Richard B.; Johnson, Christine Cole; Mandel, Jack S.; Oberman, Albert; O’Brien, Barbara; Oken, Martin M.; Rafla, Sameer; Reding, Douglas; Rutt, Wilmer M.; Weissfeld, Joel L.; Yokochi, Lance; Gohagan, John K.

doi:10.1016/s0197-2456(00)00098-2

Cited by 882 publications

(707 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…[1] Although a single determination of CA-125 does not have the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value to be used as a stand-alone screen, CA-125 measurement may be shown to be a valuable part of a multi-modal and/or longitudinal screening algorithm. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] If this approach proves feasible, knowledge of the usual pattern of CA-125 levels among populations of women without ovarian cancer will be a prerequisite. [9] CA-125 is an antigenic determinant on a high molecular weight glycoprotein encoded by the MUC16 gene, [10;11] that was first recognized by a monoclonal antibody, OC125, and subsequently a series of other antibodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of CA-125 in women without evidence of ovarian cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial

Johnson

Kessel

Riley³

et al. 2008

Gynecologic Oncology

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Objective-To determine the epidemiology of CA-125 in women without ovarian cancer.Methods-We analyzed demographic, medical and lifestyle characteristics related to CA-125, measured using the Centocor CA-125II RIA assay, among 25,608 multi-ethnic U.S. women aged 55-74 years enrolled in a cancer screening trial and found to have no evidence of ovarian cancer.Results-Mean CA-125 level was 11.9 U/ml (SD 8.3); median 10.0 U/ml, interquartile range 8.0-14.0. High levels, using the clinical cut point of ≥ 35 U/ml, were associated with increased age (p<0.001) and former smoking (p<0.021), while hysterectomy and obesity were protective (p<0.001). Mean levels were higher with increasing age (p<0.001), ever use of hormone therapy (p<0.001), former smoking (p<0.017) and history of breast cancer (p<0.002), but lower (p<0.001) with non-White status, previous hysterectomy, current smoking, and obesity. Current hormone therapy use was not associated with CA-125 in women without a uterus.Conclusion-In post-menopausal women without ovarian cancer, CA-125 level is influenced by a number of factors, including race/ethnicity, age, hysterectomy, smoking history and obesity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of CA-125 in women without evidence of ovarian cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial

Johnson

Kessel

Riley³

et al. 2008

Gynecologic Oncology

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“…The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) (Roobol and Schroder, 2003) and the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian cancer screening trial in the US (Prorok et al, 2000) offer screening by the PSA test in men aged 50 -69 years (with some variation in age between participating countries). In addition, in the UK ProtecT treatment trial of early-stage prostate cancer (Donovan et al, 2002), general practices are randomised to join either the trial in which cancers are being detected by offering men a PSA test or a control arm not entering the trial.…”

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confidence: 99%

The feasibility and results of a population-based approach to evaluating prostate-specific antigen screening for prostate cancer in men with a raised familial risk

et al. 2006

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The feasibility of a population-based evaluation of screening for prostate cancer in men with a raised familial risk was investigated by studying reasons for non-participation and uptake rates according to postal recruitment and clinic contact. The levels of prostatespecific antigen (PSA) and the positive predictive values (PPV) for cancer in men referred with a raised PSA and in those biopsied were analysed. First-degree male relatives (FDRs) were identified through index cases (ICs): patients living in two regions of England and diagnosed with prostate cancer at age p65 years from 1998 to 2004. First-degree relatives were eligible if they were aged 45 -69 years, living in the UK and had no prior diagnosis of prostate cancer. Postal recruitment was low (45 of 1687 ICs agreed to their FDR being contacted: 2.7%) but this was partly due to ICs not having eligible FDRs. A third of ICs in clinic had eligible FDRs and 49% (192 out of 389) agreed to their FDR(s) being contacted. Of 220 eligible FDRs who initially consented, 170 (77.3%) had a new PSA test taken and 32 (14.5%) provided a previous PSA result. Among the 170 PSA tests, 10% (17) were X4 ng ml À1 and 13.5% (23) tests above the age-related cutoffs. In 21 men referred, five were diagnosed with prostate cancer (PPV 24%; 95% CI 8, 47). To study further the effects of screening, patients with a raised familial risk should be counselled in clinic about screening of relatives and data routinely recorded so that the effects of screening on high-risk groups can be studied.

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“…[28,32,42]. In addition, there is the large PLCO study in the USA where the first results are not expected until 2011 [43]. Us ing 'any adenoma' at FS screening as criterion for a positive test and threshold for work-up, FS has been estimated to have a 70% sensitivity both for cancer and advanced adenomas (adenoma~10 mm diameter, severe dysplasia or villous components) [29].…”

Section: Performance and Effect Of Crc Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

1071 Screening for colorectal cancer

Kronborg¹

2003

European Journal of Cancer Supplements

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Design of the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial

Cited by 882 publications

References 121 publications

The epidemiology of CA-125 in women without evidence of ovarian cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial

The epidemiology of CA-125 in women without evidence of ovarian cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening Trial

The feasibility and results of a population-based approach to evaluating prostate-specific antigen screening for prostate cancer in men with a raised familial risk

1071 Screening for colorectal cancer

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