Design of the modified oxide-nickel electrode with improved electrical characteristics

Preparation and Purification of a Flame-Retardant Polyphenylphosphonate Containing 4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone

“…These films consist of the oxide layers of a nonstochiometric composition, which is an ordinary phenomenon for the electrochemical metal oxidation. 9,33 On attaining a maximum the curves show a decrease in the current value and it is indicative of the passive film formation. Copper is turned to the passive state and its dissolution in the plateau domain is controlled by the diffusion stage.…”

“…21 However, in the case of the anode polarization in phosphate solutions the local corrosion is often observed prior to the achievement of the critical potential that can be caused by the local disintegration of the passive film continuity. 32,33 The most widely spread theory that explains the effect of electrochemical polishing is the theory of the film passivation, 10 according to which the anode surface consists of active convex sections and passive concave sections. Such a situation is conditioned by the retarded behavior of diffusion processes from the metal surface to the electrolyte volume.…”

Establishing the patterns in the formation of oxide films on the alloy Ti6Al4V in carbonic acid solutions

“…Another case is the formation of oxide layers during anodic polarization of steels in [24, 25] and copper [26] in alkaline solutions. Sometimes, the formation of oxides with a non-stoichiometric composition occurs during the oxidation of metals susceptible to a transition to the passive state [27] or the formation of oxide-salt films when polishing copper [28]. The driving force of the anodizing process is the presence of significant electric field strength in the film during anodic oxidation.…”

Chemical deposition of CDS films from ammoniac-thiourea solutions

“…Different characteristics (potential, density, conductivity, turbidity) can be used as a tool to study chemical reactions in solutions. Examples include a study in which measuring the potential made it possible to track the progress of the process and boundaries of possible utilization of the heterophase system formed by a solid deposit and a liquid medium [12]. In this paper, a parameter that made it possible to track the course of CdS formation was chosen to be turbidity of the solution.…”