Design of the Lyophilization Process of a Doxorubicin Formulation Based on Thermal Properties

Abstract

The frontline chemotherapy used for treatment of several forms of cancer is doxorubicin, which is required to be lyophilized due to its limited storage stability. Results from differential thermal analysis/ impedance and freeze drying microscopy determinations, signifies that the freezing step product temperature must be well below -59.8°, while throughout the primary drying stage product temperature at sublimation front cannot exceed -19.7°. The use of a procedure based on the critical parameters allowed freeze drying of doxorubicin laboratory scale batches that would help to reduce process cycle time, energy and costs at commercial production.

Isolation, genetic identification and degradation characteristics of COD-degrading bacterial strain in slaughter wastewater

“…COD degradation is limited by various conditions in slaughter wastewater and sludge (Su et al, 2017, Molina et al, 2009, Tamura et al, 2011), which propose that they may have been evolved through adaptation and selective pressure of natural ecosystems, which has resulted in selection of more potentiated organisms in biodegradation. The combination of COD degrading bacteria can degrade a variety of organic species mixture greatly improve the removal rate of COD, due to the presence of strains capable of decomposition and degradation of surfactants, hydrocarbons, phenols, fatty acids, ketones and other easily decomposed organic matter (Samaei et al, 2013, Taheri et al, 2017, Al-Enazi et al, 2018, Gao et al, 2017, Khan et al, 2018, Xie et al, 2018, Hajare and More, 2017). Moreover, Microbial immobilization technology was occure, this technology was beneficial to increase the number of microorganisms in the reactor, facilitate the solid-liquid separation after the reaction, facilitate nitrogen removal, remove high-concentration organic matter or difficult to biodegrade substances, improve system processing capacity and adaptability, and so on.…”

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Snyder's Theory-Based Group Hope Therapy to Improve Self-Efficacy of University Students in Finance

“…The concept of self-efficacy has been adapted from the social recognition theory of Albert Bandura, a famous psychologist, who refers to the role of individual beliefs and judgments in ability to perform his duties (Altun et al, 2017;Hajare and More, 2017;Hamad et al, 2018;Kevrekidis et al, 2018;Khan et al, 2018;Taheri et al, 2017). Many of human behaviors are self-excited and controlled by effective mechanisms, which belief in personal self-efficacy is more important and more comprehensive than the rest (Bandura, 1997).…”