Design, Development, and Evaluation of Monovinyl Acrylates Characterized by Secondary Functionalities as Reactive Diluents to Diacrylates

Abstract

This study focuses on the design and development of novel monovinylic (meth)acrylate monomers with enhanced polymerization kinetics and the evaluation of their performance as reactive diluents in diacrylate systems. Novel (meth)acrylic monomers characterized by several new secondary functionalities are developed in this study and are shown to exhibit reactivities 10-70 fold greater than traditional monoacrylates such as hexyl acrylate. These monomers were designed based on our understanding of interactions between monomer structure, polymerizations kinetics, and polymer properties. Performance of these monovinyl monomers as reactive diluents is also investigated in this study. Copolymerization of these monomers with diacrylates enhanced both the reactivity and the mechanical properties of the diacrylate system. Specifically, while copolymerization of a diacrylate system with traditional monoacrylates such as hexyl acrylate decreases the overall reactivity of the system, its copolymerization with the novel monomers led to comonomer mixtures, that were 30-50% more reactive than either of the individual components, with initial polymerization rates increased by as much as 2 times the more reactive component. Further, the copolymerization of these novel monovinyl systems with diacrylates also enabled formation of polymers with enhanced mechanical properties over the corresponding diacrylates including a more homogeneous network structure as indicated by a glass transition temperature that was narrowed by up to 55 % while increasing the glass transition temperature by as much as 10°C.

Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane as a co-initiator for dental adhesive: Photo-polymerization kinetics and dynamic mechanical property

“…With the exception of the experimental specimen that contained 3 wt% TTMSS, the heights of tan δ peak for the experimental specimens were not significantly different from the control ( p < 0.05). Previous investigators have reported decreased polymerization rate and more homogenous network structure with the addition of TTMSS [64]. The current investigation shows similar results, i.e., the heterogeneity of the copolymer was decreased by the slower polymerization rate associated with an increase in the TTMSS concentration.…”

Reactivity of Monovinyl (Meth)acrylates Containing Cyclic Carbonates

“…The carbamate functionality was chosen as a result of its predisposition towards higher reactivity than the carbonate21 as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. The role of the cyclic carbonate moiety is then evident from comparisons with aromatic end functionalized carbamates.…”

Biocompatible photoinitiators based on poly‐α‐ketoesters

“…A major drawback in photopolymerizable systems is the large amount of unreacted photoinitiator in the cured polymer material . Due to the high conversion rates in a very short time, only a few initiator molecules are able to covalently bind to the growing polymer network.…”

“…Combined with exposure to radiation sources like UV‐light or sunlight, a variety of photo‐products are generated. They cause odor, volatile compounds such as benzaldehyde, yellowing of the material and migration of all byproducts out of the polymer matrix over time …”