“…
is the endpoint of each wire segment in Figure 1,
is the mutual inductance between the corresponding endpoints; μ is the magnetic permeability;
is the corresponding distance shown in the Figure 1. It has been shown that the coupling mechanism is more inclusive of the offset range using a square structure, a property that fits exactly with the expectation of the bias displacement of the dynamic wireless charging system for EVs, [
40–42 ] therefore, in the following discussion, the square coil structure will be optimally designed.…”