Design and implementation of tristables using c.m.o.s. integrated circuits

Injected voltage low-power CMOS for 3-valued logic

“…The complementary metal-oxide semiconductor family of integrated circuits (CMOS) has been used by several authors in the realisation of 3-valued logic circuits [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In all previous designs, authors have used voltage power supplies higher than the threshold voltages of the p-and n-channel MOS transistors.…”