Design and Characterization of Low-Loss Porous-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber

Abstract

A rigorous modal solution approach, based on the numerically efficient finiteelement method (FEM), has been used to design and characterize a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a porous air core, which has the potential for use for low-loss guidance of terahertz (THz) waves. Here, for the first time, it is reported that a large fraction of the power that is also well confined in the waveguide can be guided in the low-loss air holes, thus to reduce the overall modal loss. This novel PCF design can readily be fabricated by use of a range of techniques including stack-and-draw, extrusion, and drilling.

Emergence of THz technologies and design and optimisation low-loss waveguides and devices

“…As shown in this figure, the power confinement can be increased to 35% in the low-loss air-holes of the cores, and additionally another 25% in the cladding airholes [8], but this is not shown here. So, in this design, the overall modal loss mainly arises due to the material loss of the polystyrene, and this can be reduced by 60% but using such perforated core besides air-holes in the cladding region.…”

Low-loss waveguides for THz guidance and devices

“…Variation of the power fraction in the air-region of the porous core is shown in Fig.4. As shown in this figure, the power confinement can be increased to 35% in the low-loss air-holes of the cores, and additionally another 25% in the cladding air-holes [10], but this is not shown here. Amongst the various THz waveguides that have been suggested, the metal-clad waveguides supporting surface plasmon modes show the greatest promise as low-loss waveguides for use both in active components and as passive waveguides.…”

Low-loss waveguides and devices for compact THz systems

“…Variation of the power fraction in the air-region of the porous core is shown in Fig.4. As shown in this figure, the power confinement can be increased to 35% in the low-loss air-holes of the cores, and additionally another 25% in the cladding air-holes [10], but this is not shown here. With this arrangement, more than 60% power can be in the low-loss air region which will reduce the modal loss by 60% for a more flexible dielectric waveguide structure.…”