Desenvolvimento de Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em diferentes hospedeiros

Abstract

Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) is a growing pest in crops that has been causing damage due to defoliation and lesion in reproductive structures, which requires studies of development in different types of hosts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of S. eridania in different species of host plants. The larvae were reared in laboratory in cotton plants of the Delta Opal cultivar. The caterpillars of newly hatched larvae were placed in Petri dishes and fed on these plants: black velvet bean (Stizolobium aterrimum), guandu bean (Cajanus cajan), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformes), forage radish (Raphanus sativus), sunnhep (Crotalaria juncea) and millet (Pennisetum americanum). The following parameters were evaluated: attractiveness and consumption in a multiple choice test; viability; larval and pupal period and weight; sex ratio; adult longevity; and total duration of the development cycle. The jack bean and forage radish plants showed greater attractiveness and were the most consumed ones by S. eridania caterpillars. The larval period was shorter among the larvae fed on black velvet beans in comparison to guandu beans, jack beans, forage radish and C. juncea. Larvae fed on forage radish and C. juncea leaves had the heaviest pupal weight. The best progress of caterpillars was obtained in the following hosts: guandu bean, forage radish and C. juncea. The millet had a negative influence on the biological parameters of caterpillars, thus not proving to be a viable host, since larval mortality was of 100%.KEYWORDS: black caterpillar; nutritional ecology; alternative host. RESUMO:Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) é uma praga em expansão nas culturas, que vem causando prejuízos pela desfolha e pela lesão nas estruturas reprodutivas, o que leva à necessidade de estudos de desenvolvimento em diferentes tipos de hospedeiros. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar o desenvolvimento de S. eridania em diferentes espécies de plantas hospedeiras. As lagartas foram criadas em laboratório em plantas de algodoeiro do cultivar Delta Opal. As lagartas recém-eclodidas foram individualizadas em placas de Petri e alimentadas com as plantas: mucuna-preta (Stizolobium aterrimum), feijão--guandu (Cajanus cajan), feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformes), nabo-forrageiro (Raphanus sativus), Crotalaria juncea e milheto (Pennisetum americanum). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: atratividade e consumo em teste com chance de escolha; viabilidade; período e peso larval e pupal; razão sexual; longevidade de adultos; e duração total do ciclo de desenvolvimento. As plantas de feijão-de-porco e nabo--forrageiro apresentaram maior atratividade e foram as mais consumidas pelas lagartas de S. eridania. O período larval foi menor nas lagartas alimentadas com mucuna-preta do que com feijão-guandu, feijão-de-porco, nabo-forrageiro e C. juncea. Lagartas alimentadas com folhas de nabo-forrageiro e C. juncea tiveram os maiores peso de pupa. Os melhores desenvolvimentos das lagartas foram obtidos nos hospedeiros feijão-guandu, nabo-forrageiro e...

Development and reprotuction of Spodoptera eridania on natural hosts and artificial diet

“…The duration of the pupal stage was influenced by the host, in agreement with the results for S. eridania fed on strawberry and grape leaves (Bortoli et al, 2012). However, S. eridania had a shorter pupal stage when fed on velvet bean Stizolobium aterrimum, pigeon pea Cajanus cajan, jack bean Canavalia ensiformes, oilseed radish Raphanus sativus and sunn hemp Crotalaria juncea at ambient temperatures (Jesus et al, 2013). The mean pupal weight of males and females did not differ when the larvae were fed on apple leaves, which can be attributed to the low number of pupae evaluated.…”

Feeding in the Immature Phase Affects the Reproductive Performance of Diaphaniahyalinata L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

“…Although in the present study D. hyalinata was created on the respective food substrates for two generations in order to break some pre-marginal conditioning of these insects, the results for an artificial diet were expressive when compared to natural substrates. This possibly be associated with the absence of secondary substances in the artificial diet, a fact that, according to some authors, directly and indirectly influence the development and performance of insects [23], [24], [26]- [29].…”

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“…O número de ovos de L. heveae foi sempre superior em folíolos maduros em relação aos intermediários e novos em todos os clones estudados, variando de 664 para o clone PR 255 e 76 para o PB 217 (Tabela 1). Lara & Tanzini (1997) também a utilizarão como local de oviposição, principalmente no caso de insetos monófagos, como é o caso de L. heveae (Livingstone, 1977;Alves et al, 2006;Boiça Jr. et al, 2012;Jesus et al, 2013).…”