Description of Hymenobacter arizonensis sp. nov. from the southwestern arid lands of the United States of America

Abstract

Strain OR362-8(T) was isolated from a biological soil crust sample collected from the southwestern arid lands of the United States of America, using BG11-PGY medium. Cells of OR362-8(T) were found to be rod shaped; occur singly, as pairs and in groups; non-motile; positive for catalase, oxidase, phosphatase and gelatinase; hydrolyze starch; contain iso-C(15:0), anteiso-C(15:0), iso-C(15:1)G, C(16:1ω5c) and summed feature 3 (C(16:1(ω7c))/iso-C(15:0) 2OH as defined by the MIDI system) as the major fatty acids; and MK-7 as the sole respiratory quinone. A BLAST sequence similarity search using 16S rRNA gene sequence of OR362-8(T) identified Hymenobacter as the nearest genus with a similarity of 90.4-96.9 %. The phylogenetic analyses based on the phenetic methods UPGMA, NJ, ME and DNA parsimony resulted in the clustering of OR362-8(T) with Clade 1 Hymenobacter species represented by Hymenobacter glaciei, Hymenobacter antarcticus, Hymenobacter flocculans, Hymenobacter metalli and Hymenobacter soli with the closest being the Hymenobacter glaciei (96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Besides the strong phylogentic affiliation, OR362-8(T) also exhibited significant phenotypic and chemotaxonomic differences with the members of Clade 1 Hymenobacter spp. More importantly, the DNA G+C content (mol%) of OR362-8(T) is very high (70 %) compared to the nearest species identified by phylogenetic analysis. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, OR362-8(T) was assigned to a novel species for which we propose here the name Hymenobacter arizonensis sp. nov., with OR362-8(T) (=ATCC BAA 1266(T) = DSM 17860(T) = JCM 13504(T)) as the type strain.

Phylogenetic Analyses of the Genus Hymenobacter and Description of Siccationidurans gen. nov., and Parahymenobacter gen. nov

“…The other diagnostic characteristics of the genera are listed in Table 2. Seven species of Clade1, H. arizonensis [12], H. glaciei and H. antarcticus [13], H. soli [62], H. metalli, H. flocculans [63] and H. ginsengisoli [11] T =LMG 24240 T =KCTC 12607 T was designated as the type species of the genus, first described species among Clade1. Clade2 contains 17 species; H. actinosclerus [64], H. aerophilus [65], H. algoricola, H. elongatus and H. fastidiosus [13], H. chitinivorans, H. gelipurpurascens and H. norwichensis [10], H. daecheongensis [66], H. roseosalivarius [9], H. rigui [67], H. psychrophilus [68], H. psychrotolerans [69], H. perfusus [63], H. tibetensis [70], H. xinjiangensis [71] and H.…”

“…The genus accommodates species that are strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, red-pigmented and contain menaquinone MK-7, fatty acids iso-C 15:0 , anteiso-C 15:0 , C 16:1 ω5c, summed feature 3 (C 16:1 ω7c/iso-C 15:0 2-OH) and summed feature 4 (iso-C 17:1 I/anteiso-C 16:1 B) with high DNA G+C content of 55 to 65 (mol %). The genus presently contains 26 species, including recently described species [11,12], which were isolated from various ecological niches. Klassen and Foght [13] and Reddy and Garcia-Pichel [12], in their recent study, discussed the polyphyletic clustering of all species into three major clades, (Clade1, Clade2 and Clade3), based on 16S rRNA gene sequence.…”

“…The genus presently contains 26 species, including recently described species [11,12], which were isolated from various ecological niches. Klassen and Foght [13] and Reddy and Garcia-Pichel [12], in their recent study, discussed the polyphyletic clustering of all species into three major clades, (Clade1, Clade2 and Clade3), based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. Clade1, Clade2 and Clade3 encompassed seven, seventeen and two species, respectively.…”

Hymenobacter kanuolensis sp. nov., a novel radiation-resistant bacterium

“…At the time of writing, this genus comprises 25 species with validly published names: Hymenobacter. roseosalivarius (Hirsch et al, 1998), H. actinosclerus (Collins et al, 2000), H. aerophilus (Buczolits et al, 2002), H. norwichensis, H. ocellatus, H. gelipurpurascens, H. chitinivorans (Buczolits et al, 2006), H. rigui (Baik et al, 2006), H. xinjiangensis (Zhang et al, 2007), H. psychrotolerans (Zhang et al, 2008), H. soli (Kim et al, 2008), H. daecheongensis (Xu et al, 2009), H. deserti (Zhang et al, 2009), H. perfusus, H. flocculans, H. metalli (Chung et al, 2010), H. algoricola, H. antarcticus, H. elongatus, H .fastidiosus, H. glaciei (Klassen & Foght, 2011), H. psychrophilus (Zhang et al, 2011), H. yonginensis (Joung et al, 2011), H. ginsengisoli (Hoang et al, 2013) and H. arizonensis (Reddy & Garcia-Pichel, 2013).In addition 'H. tibetensis' (Dai et al, 2009) has been described but the name is not validly published.…”

Hymenobacter sediminis sp. nov., isolated from lake sediment

“…The presence of flexirubin-type pigments was tested using the KOH test as described by Bernardet et al [29]. The carotenoid pigments was analysed as described by Reddy and Garcia-Pichel [30]. Oxidase activity was examined using a bioMérieux oxidase reagent kit according to the manufacturer's instructions and catalase activity was determined by bubble formation in a 3 % (v/v) H 2 O 2 solution.…”