Dermatologic History of the Ruby Laser

Anderson, R. Rox

doi:10.1001/archderm.139.1.70

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Whatever the chemoattractant, there is a long history of therapy employing lasers of appropriate wavelength to produce selective photothermolysis. In particular, these techniques have been widely applied to vascular lesions, targeting the erythrocytes that contain the chromophore molecule hemoglobin (15). Neutrophils are dominant in the early inflammatory response (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tonic inhibition of chemotaxis in human plasma

Malawista

Chevance²,

Damme

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We found exaggerated chemotaxis in plasma treated with EDTA and thought that the EDTA might itself be inhibiting a tonic inhibitor(s) of chemotaxis. Our plasma fractionations suggested that evidence should be sought for a lipid moiety carrying this activity, and on spectrometry (LC-MS-MS together with GC-MS analyses), the biologically active but not the inactive fraction contained oleic and arachidonic acids. Because fatty acids are largely protein bound, we flooded plasma preparations with delipidated albumin, reasoning that it would bind enough fatty acids, including inhibitory ones, to counter their tonic inhibition. Indeed, we observed dramatic increases in chemotaxis. Hence, adding delipidated albumin to plasma has a similar effect to that of adding EDTA-amplification of the chemotactic response. Oleic acid in physiologic concentrations diminishes the magnifying effects of both EDTA and of delipidated albumin, and in fact diminishes the chemotactic response even without the presence of the amplifiers of chemotaxis. In contrast, arachidonic acid amplifies further the effect of EDTA but not of delipidated albumin, and this augmentation appears to be caused by an EDTA-dependent enrichment of the chemotactic gradient with leukotriene B4 (LTB4). We conclude that oleic acid, the blood levels of which vary among individuals, is at least one tonic inhibitor of chemotaxis in plasma.fatty acids ͉ oleic acid ͉ neutrophils T his work began with the videomicroscopic observation that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from blood anticoagulated with EDTA, but not with heparin, segregate into groups, usually around a monocyte (1, 2). The EDTA effect occurred in serum as well as in plasma (2). When the monocytes became less adhesive and moved from the center of the field, the PMNs did not follow. Rather, they ignored the monocyte, remaining focused on the place where it used to be, and often continuing to arrive in large numbers; they appeared to have taken over the generation of a chemotactic gradient, replacing the one initially provided by the adherent monocyte (2). Moreover, this prolonged chemoattraction did not depend on triggering by monocytes; we saw large aggregates accrue around PMNs containing ingested material, damaged (motionless, mummified appearance) PMNs, or detritus in the slide preparation.To pursue the phenomenon of prolonged chemotaxis in EDTA/ plasma in a more systematic approach, we used the chemoattractant gradient established by an erythrocyte destroyed by laser microirradiation (3, 4). With videomicroscopy, one can observe directly and continuously the behavior of PMN in real time before, during, and after establishment of a chemotactic gradient. Within several seconds of the laser flash, PMNs in the area turn in the direction of the newly created chemotactic target. PMNs then move to the target, and surround it for several minutes, before departing cells begin to outnumber arriving ones, presumably mirroring a decline in the exudation of chemoattractant. As in the case of chemotactic gradients ini...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tonic inhibition of chemotaxis in human plasma

Malawista

Chevance²,

Damme

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Both acceptance of and interest in observations depends very much on the attitude of the involved persons. Even within the short history of lasers in medicine, the example of the pulsed laser systems shows how new ideas foster new use of old technology [26].…”

Section: Selective Photothermolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ruby laser was ineffective when used as an optical scalpel for cutting or coagulation, and when using high-energy pulses the effect became unpredictable because of cavitations (vapor bubbles). The attempts to use the pulsed Nd:YAG laser were not more successful as tissue fragments were spattered all over the operating room [26]. In the 1980s, the pulsed ruby laser was commercialized in Japan for the treatment of tattoos and pigmented lesions, while being abandoned in Europe and the USA where tattoo removal was performed by CO 2 laser vaporization [27].…”

Section: Selective Photothermolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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History of Lasers in Dermatology

Geiges

2011

Current Problems in Dermatology

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In the 1950s, based on the theory of stimulating radiant energy published by Albert Einstein in 1916, the collaboration of physicists and electrical engineers, searching for monochromatic radiation to study the spectra of molecules, led to the invention of the first laser in 1960. Ophthalmologists and dermatologists were the first to study the biological effects and therapeutic possibilities of laser beams. The construction of new laser systems emitting energy at different wavelengths or with different durations, as well as the development of new concepts of the biomedical effects, led to its broad use in surgery in the treatment of vascular and pigmented lesions as well as cosmetic applications.

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“…Also, protoporphyrin IX (from aminolevulinic acid) can be excited by polychromic IPL, as the major absorption bands include 410, 504, 538, 576, and 630 nm. It follows that monochromaticity is not a prerequisite for selective heating, and for many dermatology applications requiring millisecond (ms) or longer pulse deliveries to large skin areas, IPLs are either adequate or even preferable to lasers [12].…”

Section: Ipl Overview and Advantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser versus intense pulsed light: Competing technologies in dermatology

Ross

2006

Lasers Surg. Med.

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Lasers have been competing with non-laser intense pulsed light (IPL) sources in the cosmetic arena over the past 10 years. Initially IPLs were somewhat cumbersome and accepted by a minority of "serious" practitioners. Recently, however, the popularity of full-face visible light skin rejuvenation, enhanced engineering of IPLs, and favorable cost versus many lasers, have lead to a proliferation of IPL devices. No longer a stepchild in the rejuvenation market, IPLs may overtake lasers as the devices of choice among most physicians. We review the pros and cons of lasers and IPLs within the context of design, cost, and other practical concerns for a typical office-based practice.

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Dermatologic History of the Ruby Laser

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Tonic inhibition of chemotaxis in human plasma

Tonic inhibition of chemotaxis in human plasma

History of Lasers in Dermatology

Laser versus intense pulsed light: Competing technologies in dermatology

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