Dermatitis Due to Black Walnut Juice

Siegel, John

doi:10.1001/archderm.1954.01540220113015

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The active principle of the whole Walnut tree, as well as of the nuts, is Juglone. This substance is known to cause irritant reactions as well as skin hyperpigmentation (1) as in our cases. However, allergic contact dermatitis is a very rare event (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Acute irritant contact dermatitis due to Juglans regia

et al. 2006

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Acute irritant contact dermatitis due to Juglans regia

et al. 2006

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“…In some individuals, it can cause gastrointestinal disturbance (68) and induce changes in skin pigmentation (69,70). There can be some allergic cross reactivity in those allergic to tree nuts or walnuts, as well as cases of dermatitis reported in humans (71). The active compound juglone was found to have an oral LD50 in rats of 112 mg/kg (72).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Natural and Botanical Medicines for Activity Against Growing and Non-growing Forms of B. burgdorferi

Feng

Leone

Schweig³

et al. 2020

Front. Med.

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Lyme disease is the most common vector-borne disease in the US and Europe. Although the current recommended Lyme antibiotic treatment is effective for the majority of Lyme disease patients, about 10-20% of patients continue to suffer from persisting symptoms. There have been various anecdotal reports on the use of herbal extracts for treating patients with persisting symptoms with varying degree of improvements. However, it is unclear whether the effect of the herb products is due to their direct antimicrobial activity or their effect on host immune system. In the present study, we investigated the antimicrobial effects of 12 commonly used botanical medicines and three other natural antimicrobial agents for potential anti-Borrelia burgdorferi activity in vitro. Among them, 7 natural product extracts at 1% were found to have good activity against the stationary phase B. burgdorferi culture compared to the control antibiotics doxycycline and cefuroxime. These active botanicals include Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, Juglans nigra (Black walnut), Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed), Artemisia annua (Sweet wormwood), Uncaria tomentosa (Cat's claw), Cistus incanus, and Scutellaria baicalensis (Chinese skullcap). In contrast, Stevia rebaudiana, Andrographis paniculata, Grapefruit seed extract, colloidal silver, monolaurin, and antimicrobial peptide LL37 had little or no activity against stationary phase B. burgdorferi. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of Artemisia annua, Juglans nigra, and Uncaria tomentosa were quite high for growing B. burgdorferi, despite their strong activity against the non-growing stationary phase B. burgdorferi. On the other hand, the top two active herbs, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta and Polygonum cuspidatum, showed strong activity against both growing B. burgdorferi (MIC = 0.03-0.06% and 0.25-0.5%, respectively) and non-growing stationary phase B. burgdorferi. In subculture studies, only 1% Cryptolepis sanguinolenta extract caused complete eradication, while doxycycline and cefuroxime and other active herbs could not eradicate B. burgdorferi stationary phase cells as many spirochetes were visible after 21-day subculture. Further studies are needed to identify the active constituents of the effective botanicals and evaluate their combinations for more effective eradication of B. burgdorferi in vitro and in vivo. The implications of these findings for improving treatment of persistent Lyme disease are discussed.

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“…2 Similarly, Bishnoi and colleagues described how the act of hulling or husking, a process involving procuring the black walnut from its green husk, can lead to staining of the hands in the absence of dermatitis. 3 However, cases of irritant contact dermatitis with black walnuts have been described and attributed to julandic acid in the walnut hull 4 and juglone, 5 a yellow pigment found in the plant's hull, leaves, roots, and bark. 6 Dermal melanocytosis is characterized by blue-grey areas of discoloration caused by the presence of melanocytes in the dermis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%