Deriva do herbicida 2,4-d aplicado com pontas hidráulicas de jato plano tipo leque

Abstract

RESUMOA deriva é um dos maiores problemas na aplicação de agrotóxicos, responsável, muitas vezes, pela baixa eficiência dos controles. Objetivou-se analisar a deriva do herbicida 2,4-D aplicado com pontas hidráulicas de jato plano tipo leque. Foram avaliadas duas soluções: água e água + 2,4-D e quatro pontas: leque simples (JS), leque simples com pré-orifício (JSPO), leque simples com indução (JSIA) e leque duplo com indução (JDIA). O diâmetro da mediana volumétrica (DMV), a amplitude relativa (SPAN), e a percentagem de gotas com diâmetro inferior a 100 μm (V < 100), foram analisados em analisador a laser e à deriva em túnel de vento. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA e teste de Tukey à 5%. As pontas JS, JSPO, JDIA, JSIA, nesta ordem, geraram percentuais decrescentes de V < 100 e deriva. A adição do 2,4-D diminuiu 16% a deriva na ponta com JSPO e aumentou 26% nas pontas com indução. Nas pontas com indução, a JDIA gerou maior V < 100 e menor DMV, e consequente maior deriva, em relação a JSIA. Em pontas com indução, a presença do 2,4-D eleva a deriva e o leque duplo proporciona maior deriva em relação ao leque simples. Independentemente da presença de 2,4-D, pontas com indução são mais eficientes na redução da deriva em relação às com pré-orifício.. Palavras-chave: espectro de gotas; tamanho de gotas; tecnologia de aplicação; túnel de vento Herbicide drift 2,4-d in hydraulic jet tapes type leque ABSTRACTDrift is one of the major problems in the application of agrochemicals, often responsible for the low efficiency of controls. The objective of this study was to analyze the 2,4-D herbicide drift applied with fan-type flat jet hydraulic tips. Two solutions were evaluated: water and water + 2,4-D and four tips: simple fan (JS), simple fan with pre-orifice (JSPO), simple fan with induction (JSIA) and double fan with induction (JDIA). The diameter of the volumetric median (DMV), relative amplitude (SPAN), and percentage of droplets with a diameter less than 100 μm (V < 100) were analyzed in a laser analyzer and drift in a wind tunnel. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test at 5%. The tips JS, JSPO, JDIA, JSIA, in this order, generated decreasing percentages of V < 100 and drift. Addition of 2,4-D decreased 16% drift at the tip with JSPO and increased 26% at the tips with induction. At the tips with induction, the JDIA generated higher V < 100 and lower DMV, and consequently greater drift, in relation to JSIA. In induction tips, the presence of 2,4-D increases the drift and the double fan provides greater drift compared to the single fan. Regardless of the presence of 2,4-D, tips with induction are more efficient in drift reduction over pre-bore.

Physiological and growth responses of lettuce plants submitted of 2,4-D simulated drift

“…Due to the mode of action of these herbicides, it is Rebesquini et al (2024) Physiological and growth responses of... reported that drift situations have shown a high potential for damaging sensitive species, even in small quantities (Godinho Júnior et al, 2017). The matter about potential damage generated by the 2,4-D drift has been growing since the release of genotypes tolerant to this herbicide in some agricultural crops, such as soybeans and cotton, which increased its utilization (Mortensen et al, 2012).…”

Simulated drift of 2,4-D and dicamba in pecan (<i>Carya illinoinensis</i> K. Koch) and olive trees (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.)

“…Herbicide drift is characterized by the displacement of the sprayed product to nearby crops and occurs mainly due to the used drop size (generally less than 100 μm) (Godinho Júnior;Caixeta;Ruas;Faria;Carvalho Filho, 2017), the action of the wind, temperature and relative humidity at the time of spray. The main reason for the drift of these compounds is an incorrect spraying method due to the use of an inappropriate spray tip, inappropriate height of the bar or inadequate application speed (Carlsen;Spliid;Syensmarck, 2006).…”