Der p 1 is the primary activator of Der p 3, Der p 6 and Der p 9 the proteolytic allergens produced by the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Herman, Julie; Thelen, Nicolas; Smargiasso, Nicolas; Mailleux, Anne-Catherine; Luxen, André; Cloes, Marie; Pauw, Edwin De; Chevigné, Andy; Galleni, Moreno; Dumez, Marie-Eve

doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.11.017

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Der p 1 belongs to the papainlike cysteine protease family with cysteine protease activity [23,24] . A recent study has shown that Der p 1 is the primary activator of 3 other proteolytic allergens, Der p 3, Der p 6 and Der p 9 [25] , while Der p 2 is a molecular mimicker of MD-2, a lipopolysaccharide coreceptor for Toll-like receptor 4, so it could interact with the innate immune system [26,27] . The proteolytic characteristic of Der p 1 makes it possible to destroy the mucosal barrier and initialize allergic reaction especially in children, but lacks any function in the later steps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Role of IgE Responses to Der p 1 and Der p 2 in Chinese House Dust Mite-Allergic Patients

Wang

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2015

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: The role of specific IgE (sIgE) against Der p 1 and Der p 2 in Chinese patients with house dust mite (HDM) allergy has not yet been well investigated. Methods: Onehundred patients were enrolled, based on sensitization and doctor-diagnosed allergy to HDM. Questionnaires were administered to document demographic and clinical characteristics. Serum IgE reactivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) extract, Der p 1, Der p 2 and Der p 10 was measured by ImmunoCAP. Results: Almost all patients were sensitized to Der p 1 (95%) and Der p 2 (93%), with both allergens together being largely responsible for the total anti-HDM IgE response. No evidence for a significant role of Der p 10 was found. Overall, IgE responses to HDM and its 2 major allergens were higher in children than in adults in this cross-sectional study. With increasing age, IgE responses to Der p 2 become more important. A positive correlation was observed between the reaction of sIgE against Dp, Der p 1 and Der p 2 and the number of organs (including the eyes, nose, lungs and skin) that were affected in patients. Conclusions: In China, Der p 1 and Der p 2 are the dominant allergens in patients with HDM allergy. The relative importance of Der p 1 and Der p 2 changes with age, in favor of Der p 2. Overall, sIgE titers were positively associated with the number of organs affected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Role of IgE Responses to Der p 1 and Der p 2 in Chinese House Dust Mite-Allergic Patients

Wang

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2015

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…This could have been the result of improper folding of the recombinant allergen, since in that study the Blo t 3 gene was expressed without its prepro regions. It is known that these proteases when expressed as zymogens have correct folding in addition to self-inhibition enzymatic activity [38,39]. Similarly, 57% of B. tropicalis -sensitized patients recognized purified natural Blo t 3, as determined by ELISA [37], but it is not clear if the purified allergen had proper folding since no data on the secondary structure was given in that work.…”

Section: Allergens Of B Tropicalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergens of <b><i>Blomia tropicalis</i></b>: An Overview of Recombinant Molecules

Silva¹,

Asam

Lackner

et al. 2017

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Allergic diseases are considered a major problem for healthcare systems in both developed and developing countries. House dust mites are well-known triggers of allergic manifestations. While the Dermatophagoides genus is widely distributed globally, Blomia tropicalis is the most prominent mite species in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Over the last decades, an increase in sensitization rates to B. tropicalis has been reported, leading to increased research efforts on Blomia allergens. In fact, 8 new allergens have been identified and characterized to different degrees. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments concerning the identification and production of recombinant Blomia allergens, as well as their structural and immunological characterization. Although considerable progress has been achieved, detailed molecule-based studies are still needed to better define the clinical relevance of Blomia allergens. Thus, the establishment of a well-standardized and fully characterized panel of allergens remains a challenge for the development of better diagnosis and therapy of allergic diseases induced by B. tropicalis.

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“…The precursor of Der p 6 is composed of a signal peptide of 16 residues, a propeptide of 34 amino acids, and a catalytic domain of 231 amino acids (Table 1) (40). The propeptide of Der p 6 has recently been shown to act as an inhibitor of the cognate catalytic domain (16). This suggested that as for Der p 1 and Der p 3, the propeptide of Der p 6 regulates the spatio-temporal activation of the protease zymogen in mites (16).…”

Section: The Maturation Of Allergen Proteases From Dermatophagoides Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchestration of an Uncommon Maturation Cascade of the House Dust Mite Protease Allergen Quartet

et al. 2014

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In more than 20% of the world population, sensitization to house dust mite allergens triggers typical allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Amongst the 23 mite allergen groups hitherto identified, group 1 is cysteine proteases belonging to the papain-like family whereas groups 3, 6, and 9 are serine proteases displaying trypsin, chymotrypsin, and collagenolytic activities, respectively. While these proteases are more likely to be involved in the mite digestive system, they also play critical roles in the initiation and in the chronicity of the allergic response notably through the activation of innate immune pathways. All these allergenic proteases are expressed in mite as inactive precursor form. Until recently, the exact mechanisms of their maturation into active proteases remained to be fully elucidated. Recent breakthroughs in the understanding of the activation mechanisms of mite allergenic protease precursors have highlighted an uncommon and unique maturation pathway orchestrated by group 1 proteases that tightly regulates the proteolytic activities of groups 1, 3, 6, and 9 through complex intra- or inter-molecular mechanisms. This review presents and discusses the currently available knowledge of the activation mechanisms of group 1, 3, 6, and 9 allergens of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus laying special emphasis on their localization, regulation, and interconnection.

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Der p 1 is the primary activator of Der p 3, Der p 6 and Der p 9 the proteolytic allergens produced by the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of the Role of IgE Responses to Der p 1 and Der p 2 in Chinese House Dust Mite-Allergic Patients

Evaluation of the Role of IgE Responses to Der p 1 and Der p 2 in Chinese House Dust Mite-Allergic Patients

Allergens of <b><i>Blomia tropicalis</i></b>: An Overview of Recombinant Molecules

Orchestration of an Uncommon Maturation Cascade of the House Dust Mite Protease Allergen Quartet

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