Depression - Types and Treatment of Depression

Abstract

The key symptom of depression is lowering the mood, but this is not the only sign of depression. Depression is a disease in which the symptoms reach various intensities and occur in many configurations. We distinguish the following types of depression: reactive, endogenous, neurotic, anankastic, agitated, large and small, morning (subclinical and subliminal), seasonal, masked, psychotic, postpartum, drug resistant, in children and adolescents, in the elderly, involutional, organic , in bipolar disorder, dysthymia, depression and anxiety, and in somatic diseases. Psychotherapy is now a popular and effective method of treating depression. The effects of treatment after the use of antidepressants appear only after a few weeks from the beginning of therapy. Old-generation medicines: these are tricyclic antidepressants (TLPDs), inhibitors of neuromediator reuptake and monoamine oxidase enzyme (IMAO) inhibitors. The new generation of drugs is distinguished by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), selective serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), four-ring drugs, noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, selective reversible MAO inhibitors, and drugs with other mechanisms of action. Phototherapy (treatment of light) is currently a widely accepted method of winter depression therapy. Other treatments for depression include electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Care for a Patient With Depression

“…Leki przeciwdepresyjne dzieli się na leki starej generacji czyli inhibitory enzymu monoaminooksydazy (IMAO), leki hamujące wychwyt zwrotny neuromediatorów oraz trójpierścieniowe leki przeciwdepresyjne. Do leków nowej generacji zalicza się selektywne inhibitory wychwytu zwrotnego serotoniny i noradrenaliny (SNRI), selektywne inhibitory wychwytu zwrotnego serotoniny (SSRI), selektywne odwracalne inhibitory MAO, inhibitory wychwytu noradrenaliny jak również leki czteropierścieniowe (Wanot, Szczygieł, Wanot, Magerčiaková, 2019). Ważne jest aby równolegle z leczeniem pacjenta chorego na depresję prowadzić terapię jego rodziny.…”