Depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Jos, Nigeria

Ladep, Nimzing G.; Obindo, Taiwo J.; Audu, Moses David; Okeke, Edith; Malu, Abraham O.

doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i48.7844

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It was also shown in this study that there were more significant functioning disturbances among people with comorbid IBS and general anxiety disorder. In the current study, lifetime prevalence rates of anxiety and depressive disorders in the control group with GERD are similar to the prevalence rates obtained from epidemiological studies in the general population (anxiety disorders 30% vs. 25%, depressive disorders 16% vs. 16%;) [24][25][26], whereas in the group with IBS the prevalence rates ranged from 15% to 52% with respect to depressive disorders and from 22% to 44% with respect to anxiety disorders [13,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The Lifetime Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders Among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Grzesiak¹,

Beszłej²,

Mulak³

et al. 2014

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Background. The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder, ranges from 10% to 20% in the general population. It is estimated that from 40% to 90% of persons with a diagnosis of IBS suffer from mental disorders, mainly anxiety and depressive disorders. Objectives. The aim of the study was to assess the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in IBS patients and to compare it with the prevalence of these disorders in a control group of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Material and Methods. The study included 106 patients with IBS and 53 patients with GERD. IBS was diagnosed according to the Rome II criteria after a basic evaluation to exclude an organic disease. Anxiety disorders were diagnosed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in accordance with ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Results. Anxiety disorders during the patient's lifetime were diagnosed in 50 IBS patients (47%). Specific phobias occurred in 23.5% of them, social phobias in 10.4 %, generalized anxiety disorder in 10.4%, panic disorder in 3.8% and agoraphobia in 8.5%. In the control group with GERD, anxiety disorders during the subject's lifetime were diagnosed in 30% of the group. The difference in the prevalence of anxiety disorders between patients with IBS and GERD was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in IBS patients was higher than in the control group with GERD (47% vs. 30%). The prevalence rate of anxiety disorders in the control group with GERD was similar to the prevalence rate in the general population (Adv Clin Exp Med 2014, 23, 6, 987-992).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

The Lifetime Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders Among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Grzesiak¹,

Beszłej²,

Mulak³

et al. 2014

Adv Clin Exp Med

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“…Accordingly, previous urinary metabonomic analysis in a depressed animal model has shown that depressed behavior is associated with changes in gut microflora (17). Interestingly, several clinical studies have demonstrated that MDD patients display a high comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (40,41), a disorder involving gut microflora. The fecal microflora in IBS patients show abnormally higher numbers of facultative organisms and lower numbers of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria (42).…”

Section: Fig 2 Metabonomic Analysis Of Urine Samples From Mdd Subjementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Validation of Urinary Metabolite Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder

Zheng

Wang

Chen

et al. 2013

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

181

148

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread and debilitating mental disorder. However, there are no biomarkers available to aid in the diagnosis of this disorder. In this study, a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabonomic approach was employed to profile urine samples from 82 first-episode drug-naïve depressed subjects and 82 healthy controls (the training set) in order to identify urinary metabolite biomarkers for MDD. Then, 44 unselected depressed subjects and 52 healthy controls (the test set) were used to independently validate the diagnostic generalizability of these biomarkers. A panel of five urinary metabolite biomarkers-malonate, formate, N-methylnicotinamide, mhydroxyphenylacetate, and alanine-was identified. This panel was capable of distinguishing depressed subjects from healthy controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ( Major depressive disorder (MDD)1 is a debilitating mental disorder affecting up to 15% of the general population and accounting for 12.3% of the global burden of disease (1, 2). Currently, the diagnosis of MDD still relies on the subjective identification of symptom clusters rather than empirical laboratory tests. The current diagnostic modality results in a considerable error rate (3), as the clinical presentation of MDD is highly heterogeneous and the current symptombased method is not capable of adequately characterizing this heterogeneity (4). An approach that can be used to circumvent these limitations is to identify disease biomarkers to support objective diagnostic laboratory tests for MDD.Metabonomics, which can measure the small molecules in given biosamples such as plasma and urine without bias (5), has been extensively used to characterize the metabolic changes of diseases and thus facilitate the identification of novel disease-specific signatures as putative biomarkers (6 -10). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabonomic approaches characterized by sensitive, highthroughput molecular screening have been employed previously in identifying novel biomarkers for a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including stroke, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia (11-13).Specifically with regard to MDD, several animal studies have already characterized the metabolic changes in the blood and urine (14 -19). These studies provide valuable clues as to the pathophysiological mechanism of MDD. However, no study has been designed with the aim of diagnosing this disease. Recently, using an NMR-based metabonomic approach, this research group identified a unique plasma metabolic signature that enables the discrimination of MDD from healthy controls with both high sensitivity and specificity (20). These findings motivated further study on urinary diagnostic metabolite biomarkers for MDD, which would be more valuable from a clinical applicability standpoint, as urine can be more non-invasively collected. Moreover, previous studies have also demonstrated the feasibility of identifying diagnostic metabolite biomarkers of psyc...

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“…12 A number of studies have examined the prevalence of depression and anxiety in IBS. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Limitations of these studies include selection bias, disparate diagnostic criteria for IBS, depression and anxiety and assessing psychological traits as opposed to psychiatric diagnosis. Using a validated, well-characterized pharmacy reimbursement database and drug prescribing as a surrogate marker for psychological and IBS diagnosis, we examined the co-existence of psychological comorbidity in IBS in the community and evaluated the persistence of psychological co-morbidity over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant psychological morbidity occurs in irritable bowel syndrome: a case‐control study using a pharmacy reimbursement database

Canavan

Bennett

Feely

et al. 2009

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

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Depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Jos, Nigeria

Abstract: IBS is significantly associated with major depression but not gender and bowel subtypes of the patients. Patients with IBS need to be evaluated for depression due to the highly significant relationship between the two conditions.

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

The Lifetime Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders Among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

The Lifetime Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders Among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Identification and Validation of Urinary Metabolite Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder

Significant psychological morbidity occurs in irritable bowel syndrome: a case‐control study using a pharmacy reimbursement database

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