Depression Among Pregnant Rural South African Women Undergoing HIV Testing

Reliability and validity of the center for epidemiologic studies-depression scale in screening for depression among HIV-infected and -uninfected pregnant women attending antenatal services in northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

“…Our data do not support the findings of others in South Africa [ 17 ] and the US [ 18 ], where depressive symptoms do not differ by pregnant women’s HIV status. After adjusting for maternal age and marital status, HIV-infected pregnant women in our study scored 6.2 points higher on the CES-D than HIV uninfected participants (Table 1 , p = 0.032).…”

Prevalence of perinatal depression among HIV-positive women: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Our meta-analysis, which consisted of 23 studies, suggested that women living with HIV had a higher odds ratio of antenatal and postnatal depression compared with controls. This result is in accordance with several previous studies that suggested a high prevalence of antenatal and postnatal depression among HIV-infected women [48, 49].…”

Multivitamin supplementation in HIV‐positive pregnant women: impact on depression and quality of life in a resource‐poor setting

“…This finding is consistent with those of other studies of HIV‐positive women, which have demonstrated rates of major depression from 32 to 62% [4–6]. The level of depressive symptomatology in the present study was also comparable to that found in studies of HIV‐positive and HIV‐negative women accessing PMTCT services in South Africa (41%) [15] as well as HIV‐positive women who had recently given birth in Thailand (43%) [32]. The results from the health‐related quality of life subscale scores were either comparable to or higher than scores obtained from a random sample of adults from a large household survey conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (ranging from 62.9 to 93.8 vs 80.8 to 94.2 for the current study).…”