Depositional environment of shale in Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations, Sichuan Basin

Zhao, Jianhua; Jin, Zhijun; Jin, Zhenkui; Wen, Xiangming; Geng, Yuansheng; Yan, Caina; Nie, Haikuan

doi:10.1016/j.ptlrs.2017.04.003

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The bioclastic debris indicate that the shales and marl were deposited in a low energy marine setting in an intermediate continental-marine environment (Warren 2006). However, similar facies data were previously documented as low energy paleoenvironment from China (Ibrahim et al 2020;Zhao et al 2017;JiTao et al 2010).…”

Section: Mf3: Shale and Marlsupporting

confidence: 86%

Biostratigraphy, facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of the Sachun Formation (Interior Fars, Zagros, SW of Iran)

Karimi

Afghah

Ghetmiri

et al. 2020

Carbonates Evaporites

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Two sections of the Maastrichtian–Lower Eocene Sachun Formation, crossing Interior Fars zone, Zagros basin in SW Iran, were selected. To biostratigraphy, facies analysis, paleoenvironment and sequence stratigraphy, foraminifers and lithofacies were studied. Three foraminifer assemblage zones were observed in the studied areas. According to stratigraphic distribution of the identified foraminifers, the Sachun Formation is assigned to Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)—Lower Eocene (Ypersian) age. The sedimentation of the Sachun Formation was controlled by the sea-level fluctuation. According to the sedimentary records, Sachun Formation has been deposited in a tectonically unstable basin. Microscopic investigation confirms the presence of seven microfacies, which can be grouped into four depositional environments: tidal flat, lagoon, shoal, and open marine. A carbonate shallow shelf is suggested for the depositional environment of the Sachun Formation, with the depth of sedimentary basin of the Sachun Formation decreasing from the study area to the south of Fars zone. Sachun Formation facies have been deposited in a shallow depositional basin characterized by permanent sea level changes. The vertical distribution of the investigated lithofacies supports two third-order cyclic sequences in the Sachun Formation, based on shallowing upward patterns in the determined lithofacies.

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Section: Mf3: Shale and Marlsupporting

confidence: 86%

Biostratigraphy, facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of the Sachun Formation (Interior Fars, Zagros, SW of Iran)

Karimi

Afghah

Ghetmiri

et al. 2020

Carbonates Evaporites

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“…The diverse fossil fauna collected from this formation includes brachiopods, corals, gastropods, cephalopods, and bryozoans, indicating a well-oxygenated tropical shallow marine environment (e.g., Deng, 1987; Rong et al, 2015). The depositional background in the studied region shows a clear difference from other regions in South China since the majority of the South China paleoplate was dominated by the anoxic black shale of the Wufeng Formation (e.g., Chen et al, 2010; Chen et al, 2014; Zhao et al, 2017) during the Katian of the Late Ordovician.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 89%

Early parasitic drilling in a rhynchonelliform brachiopodRongatrypa xichuanensisfrom the Katian (Upper Ordovician) of central China

et al. 2020

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An example of parasitic drilling in a rhynchonelliform brachiopod is described from the Shiyanhe Formation (Katian, Upper Ordovician) of Henan, central China. The boring extends into the shell almost perpendicular to the surface. The shell has been serially sectioned, and the trace (including boring and bioclaustration) has been modeled in three dimensions. Healing of the shell evident in serial sections supports a long-term relationship between the brachiopod and borer that we interpret as parasitic. Platyceratid gastropods, found at the same locality as these brachiopods, are the most likely drilling organism. Previous reports of Paleozoic brachiopod parasitic traces can be classified into two main groups, constructive association and destructive association, depending on whether parasites damage brachiopod shells. The example in this study belongs to the second type as the brachiopod shell has been partly damaged by the borer.

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“…Generally, dark oil shale deposits in reducing environment of good preservation conditions (Zhao et al, ). As mentioned in oil shale characterization, the colour of oil shale is black‐brown, also indicating that the redox condition is reducing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth elements geochemistry characteristics and their geological implications of lacustrine oil shale from Chang 7 oil layer in southern Ordos Basin, China

Zhu

et al. 2017

Geological Journal

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Located in the middle‐western area of China, Ordos Basin is a large continental basin with vast petroleum resources. Oil shale of Chang 7 oil layer from Triassic Yanchang Formation represents the typical lacustrine oil shale in China. Oil shale samples were collected from Chang 7 oil layer to study the characteristics of elements geochemistry. The rare earth elements (REEs) concentration of oil shale samples varies from 138.51 to 206.36 μg/g with an average of 162.64 μg/g, close to the average REEs content of the North American shale Composite and slightly higher than the upper continental crust. The chondrite‐normalized and North American shale composite‐normalized REEs distribution patterns explain that oil shale samples, together with silty mudstone samples, may have been derived from a similar terrigenous source. The oil shale deposited mainly in early diagenetic stage B period and the paleoclimate condition was warm and humid with moderate chemical weathering. The whole sedimentary rate of oil shale was low. The source rocks of oil shale were mainly from the felsic rocks and deposited in the continental island arc tectonic setting. The total REE of oil shale samples show positive correlations with Al, Si, K, and ash yield concentration and negative correlations with oil yield, Fe, P, and total sulfur concentration, illustrating that REEs concentration in clay minerals is more than that in organic matter. In addition, the light REEs and heavy REEs are both present in clay minerals and controlled by land‐derived detritus.

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Depositional environment of shale in Wufeng and Longmaxi Formations, Sichuan Basin

Cited by 35 publications

References 31 publications

Biostratigraphy, facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of the Sachun Formation (Interior Fars, Zagros, SW of Iran)

Biostratigraphy, facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of the Sachun Formation (Interior Fars, Zagros, SW of Iran)

Early parasitic drilling in a rhynchonelliform brachiopodRongatrypa xichuanensisfrom the Katian (Upper Ordovician) of central China

Rare earth elements geochemistry characteristics and their geological implications of lacustrine oil shale from Chang 7 oil layer in southern Ordos Basin, China

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