Deposition of Lignin in Differentiating Xylem Cell Walls of Normal and Compression Wood of Buxus microphylla var. insularis Nakai

Yoshizawa, Nobuo; Ohba, Hiromi; Uchiyama, Junko; Yokota, Shinso

doi:10.1515/hf.1999.026

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The lignin content of the lsW is higher than that of the usW. The RW of this species is atypical, similar to that found in some angiosperms (Kučera and Philipson 1977;Kučera and Philipson 1978;Meylan 1981;Yoshizawa et al 1993;Baillères et al 1997;Yoshizawa et al 1999;Wang et al 2010;Kojima et al 2012;Aiso et al 2013).…”

Section: Gs-lignin-cwsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Characteristic of β-O-4 structures in different reaction wood lignins of Eusideroxylon zwageri T. et B. and four other woody species

et al. 2016

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Lignin analyses were performed on the reaction woods of five tropical wood species. The reaction woods of these five species and that of Gnetum gnemon L. (previously reported) were categorized into three types based on eccentric thickening growth and p-hydroxyphenyl/ guaiacyl/syringyl (H/G/S) ratios: compression wood (CW) containing GH-lignin observed in gymnosperms (GH-lignin-CW), tension wood (TW) containing GS-lignin observed in angiosperms (GS-lignin-TW), and reaction wood that resembles CW and contains GS-lignin (GSlignin-CW). GS-lignin-CW is an unusual type that was found in the angiosperm Eusideroxylon zwageri and in the gymnosperm G. gnemon. The erythro/threo ratio of the β-O-4 structures and the S/G ratio were higher on the upper side (usW) of the leaning wood stem or branch, and both ratios decreased along the periphery of the stem toward the lower side (lsW). Except for a difference in thickening growth, these distribution patterns were similar to the GSlignin-TW patterns for Melia azedarach L. and Avicennia sp. Reaction wood of Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen was also classified as a GS-lignin-TW, but this was lacking a clear distribution pattern. In contrast, the GH-lignin-CW of the usW of Pinus merkusii Jungh. et de Vriese had a low erythro/threo ratio, which increased toward the lsW along with increasing lignin contents and H/G ratios.

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Section: Gs-lignin-cwsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…awabuki (K. Koch) Zabel (Wang et al 2010), Buxus sempervirens L. (Baillères et al 1997), Buxus microphylla var. insularis Nakai (Yoshizawa et al 1993;Yoshizawa et al 1999), Pseudowintera colorata (Raoul) Dandy (Kučera and Philipson 1978;Meylan 1981), and Phyllocladus alpinus Hook.f. (Kučera and Philipson 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic of β-O-4 structures in different reaction wood lignins of Eusideroxylon zwageri T. et B. and four other woody species

et al. 2016

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“…are lacking helical cavities (Yoshizawa et al 1993). The lignin has been shown to have a higher content of carbon-carbon inter-unit bonds and of p-hydroxyphenyl units (Baillères et al 1997) particularly in the S2(L) layer (Yoshizawa et al 1999). These are common features of compression wood of conifers.…”

Section: Unusual Reaction Wood In Angiospermsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unusual form of reaction wood in Koromiko [Hebe salicifolia G. Forst. (Pennell)], a southern hemisphere angiosperm

Kojima

Becker

Altaner

2011

Planta

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Koromiko [Hebe salicifolia G. Forst. (Pennell)] is a woody angiosperm native to New Zealand and Chile. Hebe spp. belong to the otherwise herbaceous family Plantaginaceae in the order Lamiales. Reaction wood exerting expansional forces was found on the lower side of leaning H. salicifolia stems. Such reaction wood is atypical for angiosperms, which commonly form contracting reaction wood on the upper side of leaning stems. Reaction wood typical for angiosperms is formed by species in other families in the order Lamiales. This suggests that the form of reaction wood is specific to the family level. Functionally the reaction wood of H. salicifolia is similar to that found in gymnosperms, which both act by pushing. However, their chemical, anatomical and physical characteristics are different. Typical features of reaction wood present in gymnosperms such as high density, thick-walled rounded cells and the presence of (1 → 4)-β-galactan in the secondary cell wall layer are absent in H. salicifolia reaction wood. Reaction wood of H. salicifolia varies from normal wood in having a higher microfibril angle, which is likely to determine the direction of generated maturation stresses.

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“…(Kučera and Philipson 1977), Pseudowintera colorata (Raoul) Dandy (Kučera and Philipson 1978;Meylan 1981), Buxus microphylla var. insularis NaKai (Yoshizawa et al 1993(Yoshizawa et al , 1999, B. sempervirens L. (Baillères et al 1997), Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki (Wang et al 2010), and Hebe salicifolia G. Forst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of guaiacyl-syringyl lignin in reaction wood in the gymnosperm Gnetum gnemon L.

Nawawi¹,

Syafii

Akiyama³

et al. 2016

Holzforschung

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Gnetum gnemon L. is a unique gymnosperm species showing angiosperm-like features in terms of its morphology and chemical composition of the cell wall. Xylan is the main hemicellulose component, and its lignin is primarily composed of syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G) units and small amounts of p-hydroxyphenyl (H) units. In the present study, in addition to branch, root, bark, and leaf samples, the reaction wood (RW) taken from the leaning stem of G. gnemon, was investigated mainly by alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation, ozonation and NMR spectroscopy. The leaning stem was wider on the lower side of the wood stem (lsW) than on the upper side (usW), similar to the case for compression wood (CW) in gymnosperms. The usW contained lignin with a higher S/G ratio, and β-O-4 structure had a higher erythro/threo ratio, while both ratios decreased around the periphery of the stem towards the lsW. The lignin content was higher towards the lsW. Overall, the lignin composition in the RW of this tree was similar to that in the tension wood of angiosperms. The H-units were minor components in the lignin, but the content was higher towards the lsW, which resembles the distribution of the H-units in a gymnosperm CW.

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Deposition of Lignin in Differentiating Xylem Cell Walls of Normal and Compression Wood of Buxus microphylla var. insularis Nakai

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Characteristic of β-O-4 structures in different reaction wood lignins of Eusideroxylon zwageri T. et B. and four other woody species

Characteristic of β-O-4 structures in different reaction wood lignins of Eusideroxylon zwageri T. et B. and four other woody species

An unusual form of reaction wood in Koromiko [Hebe salicifolia G. Forst. (Pennell)], a southern hemisphere angiosperm

Characteristics of guaiacyl-syringyl lignin in reaction wood in the gymnosperm Gnetum gnemon L.

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