Density-dependent adaptive resistance allows swimming bacteria to colonize an antibiotic gradient

Hol, Felix J H; Hubert, Bert; Dekker, Cees; Keymer, Juan E.

doi:10.1038/ismej.2015.107

Cited by 41 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…At ΔΨ o = −1.5 MPa, we observed bacterial dispersal exerting negative effects on benzoate biodegradation (Figure 3E ). Recently, it was found that the colonization of stress-affected environments requires a critical population density in order to maintain activity in an antibiotic landscape (Hol et al, 2016 ). Possibly, this was the case also in our system for low ΔΨ o and the primary colonizers leaving the inoculation site were not able to establish, thus reducing the overall activity in the system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Dispersal Promotes Biodegradation in Heterogeneous Systems Exposed to Osmotic Stress

et al. 2016

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Contaminant biodegradation in soils is hampered by the heterogeneous distribution of degrading communities colonizing isolated microenvironments as a result of the soil architecture. Over the last years, soil salinization was recognized as an additional problem especially in arid and semiarid ecosystems as it drastically reduces the activity and motility of bacteria. Here, we studied the importance of different spatial processes for benzoate biodegradation at an environmentally relevant range of osmotic potentials (ΔΨo) using model ecosystems exhibiting a heterogeneous distribution of the soil-borne bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Three systematically manipulated scenarios allowed us to cover the effects of (i) substrate diffusion, (ii) substrate diffusion and autonomous bacterial dispersal, and (iii) substrate diffusion and autonomous as well as mediated bacterial dispersal along glass fiber networks mimicking fungal hyphae. To quantify the relative importance of the different spatial processes, we compared these heterogeneous scenarios to a reference value obtained for each ΔΨo by means of a quasi-optimal scenario in which degraders were ab initio homogeneously distributed. Substrate diffusion as the sole spatial process was insufficient to counteract the disadvantage due to spatial degrader heterogeneity at ΔΨo ranging from 0 to −1 MPa. In this scenario, only 13.8−21.3% of the quasi-optimal biodegradation performance could be achieved. In the same range of ΔΨo values, substrate diffusion in combination with bacterial dispersal allowed between 68.6 and 36.2% of the performance showing a clear downwards trend with decreasing ΔΨo. At −1.5 MPa, however, this scenario performed worse than the diffusion scenario, possibly as a result of energetic disadvantages associated with flagellum synthesis and emerging requirements to exceed a critical population density to resist osmotic stress. Network-mediated bacterial dispersal kept biodegradation almost consistently high with an average of 70.7 ± 7.8%, regardless of the strength of the osmotic stress. We propose that especially fungal network-mediated bacterial dispersal is a key process to achieve high functionality of heterogeneous microbial ecosystems also at reduced osmotic potentials. Thus, mechanical stress by, for example, soil homogenization should be kept low in order to preserve fungal network integrity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Dispersal Promotes Biodegradation in Heterogeneous Systems Exposed to Osmotic Stress

et al. 2016

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“…52,53 The TAAD concentrations above MPC at a surgical incision site, the site of potential bacterial contamination, may improve SSI prophylaxis and bacterial resistance prevention. 54,55 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Surgical Site Infections and Biofilms: Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous Cefazolin and Metronidazole in a Tumescent Lidocaine Solution

Klein

Langman

2017

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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“…However, beyond the direct interaction between APs and bacterial targets, APs can be tolerated by certain bacterial species through collective mechanisms. The collective tolerance mechanisms are relatively well studied for classical antibiotics [19,20] when compared with antimicrobial peptides, and their implications for antibiotic treatment are well demonstrated in the literature [21][22][23][24]. For antimicrobial peptides, bacteria may exhibit collective tolerance through mechanisms such as membrane-displayed proteases that degrade APs [25 -27] and secreted molecules including lipids, vesicles and proteins that sequestrate APs [16][17][18]28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dead bacterial absorption of antimicrobial peptides underlies collective tolerance

Tan

2019

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The collective tolerance towards antimicrobial peptides (APs) is thought to occur primarily through mechanisms associated with live bacterial cells. In contrast to the focus on live cells, we discover that the LL37 antimicrobial peptide kills a subpopulation of Escherichia coli , forming dead cells that absorb the remaining LL37 from the environment. Combining mathematical modelling with population and single-cell experiments, we show that bacteria absorb LL37 at a timing that coincides with the permeabilization of their cytoplasmic membranes. Furthermore, we show that one bacterial strain can absorb LL37 and protect another strain from killing by LL37. Finally, we demonstrate that the absorption of LL37 by dead bacteria can be reduced using a peptide adjuvant. In contrast to the known collective tolerance mechanisms, we show that the absorption of APs by dead bacteria is a dynamic process that leads to emergent population behaviour.

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Density-dependent adaptive resistance allows swimming bacteria to colonize an antibiotic gradient

Cited by 41 publications

References 45 publications

Bacterial Dispersal Promotes Biodegradation in Heterogeneous Systems Exposed to Osmotic Stress

Bacterial Dispersal Promotes Biodegradation in Heterogeneous Systems Exposed to Osmotic Stress

Prevention of Surgical Site Infections and Biofilms: Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous Cefazolin and Metronidazole in a Tumescent Lidocaine Solution

Dead bacterial absorption of antimicrobial peptides underlies collective tolerance

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