Dengue virus exposure among blood donors in Ghana

Narkwa, Patrick Williams; Mutocheluh, Mohamed; Kwofie, Theophilus B.; Owusu, Michael; Annan, Augustina; Ali, I.; Boamah, J. K.

doi:10.4314/jmbs.v5i2.5

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A. aegypti , the primary vector of DENV, is hypothesized to have originated from Africa and native tropical or subtropical regions including West Africa. 36 , 38 The presence of DENV-infected A. aegypti (Table 5) is a major epidemic risk factor since it signifies possible local transmission especially in periurban areas. A. albopictus which was imported into Africa from Asia has been rapidly increasing its geographic range and its presence has been detected across Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of dengue fever disease in West Africa

Gyasi,

Bright Yakass,

Quaye

2023

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Dengue fever disease (DFD) which is caused by four antigenically distinct dengue viruses (DENV) presents a global health threat, with tropical and subtropical regions at a greater risk. The paucity of epidemiological data on dengue in West African subregion endangers efforts geared toward disease control and prevention. A systematic search of DFD prevalence, incidence, and DENV-infected Aedes in West Africa was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, African Index Medicus, and Google Scholar in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 58 human prevalence studies involving 35,748 people from 8 countries were identified. Two incidence and six DENV-infected studies were also reviewed. Nigeria and Burkina Faso contributed the majority of the prevalence studies which spanned between 1968 and 2018, with a considerable variation in coverage among the countries reviewed in this study. An average prevalence of 20.97% was observed across both general prevalence and acute DENV infection study categories, ranging between 0.02% and 93%. The majority of these studies were conducted in acute febrile patients with a prevalence range of 0.02–93% while 19% ( n = 11) of all studies were general population-based studies and reported a prevalence range of 17.2–75.8%. DENV-infected Aedes aegypti were reported in four out of the five countries with published reports; with DENV-2 found circulating in Cape Verde, Senegal, and Burkina Faso while DENV-3 and DENV-4 were also reported in Senegal and Cape Verde, respectively. High prevalence of DFD in human populations and the occurrence of DENV-infected A. aegypti have been reported in West Africa, even though weaknesses in study design were identified. Epidemiological data from most countries and population in the subregion were scarce or non-existent. This study highlights the epidemic risk of DFD in West Africa, and the need for research and surveillance to be prioritized to fill the data gap required to enact effective control measures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of dengue fever disease in West Africa

Gyasi,

Bright Yakass,

Quaye

2023

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…The presence of Aedes mosquitoes have been well documented in Ghana and have been implicated for the transmission of yellow fever (13,22). Studies have detected the presence of antibodies and viral RNA of DENV in different localities in Ghana (16,17). This has emphasized the need to investigate and understand the role of Aedes populations in the spread of these diseases in the country, which will inform the formulation of effective and efficient strategies to prevent future outbreaks or mitigate any outbreak that may arise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Ghana has remained free of an outbreak of these diseases despite Aedes aegypti mosquitoes being present in most part of the country (13–15). Recent studies have revealed evidence of DENV-2 (Dengue virus serotype-2) antibodies in people suspected to have malaria or visiting the hospital with acute fever symptoms (16,17). The DENV-2 viral RNA was also detected among two children in some localities in urban Accra.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Akyea-Bobi

Akorli

Akporh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya are Aedes-borne viral diseases that have risen to become great global health concerns in the past years. Several countries in Africa have reported outbreaks of these diseases and despite Ghana sharing borders with some of such countries, it remains free of these outbreaks. Recent studies in Ghana have revealed that there are antibodies and viral RNA of the Dengue virus serotype-2 among individuals in some localities in the Greater Accra Region. This is an indication of a possible silent transmission ongoing in the population, hence the need to assess the risk of transmission of these viruses within the country. This cross-sectional study, therefore, assessed the risk of transmission of Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya viruses in a domestic/peri-domestic (Madina) and a forest (Achimota Forest) population in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana. Methodology/Findings: All stages of the Aedes mosquito (egg, larvae, pupae and adults) were collected around homes and in the forest area for estimation of risk indices. All eggs and immature stages were reared to adults and morphologically identified. The predominant species of Aedes mosquitoes identified from both sites were Aedes aegypti (98% in Madina and 98.1% in Achimota forest). Aedes albopictus, an important arbovirus vector, was identified only in Madina at a prevalence of 1.5% but Achimota forest had the higher species diversity. Both study sites recorded high risk indices; Madina: Positive Ovitrap Index = 26.6%, Container Index = 36.8%, House Index = 19.8%, Breteau Index = 70.4%; Achimota: Positive Ovitrap Index = 34.2% and Container Index = 67.9%. RT-PCR to detect the presence of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses was negative for all pools tested. Conclusion: All entomological risk indicators estimated showed that both sites had a high potential of an outbreak of arboviral diseases following the introduction of these viruses.

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“…However, several studies conducted in Ghana over the years, did not detect any outbreaks of these diseases despite the presence of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in most parts of the country [17][18][19]. There is now evidence of DENV-2 (dengue virus serotype-2) antibodies in persons visiting the hospital with acute fever symptoms [20,21]. DENV-2 viral RNA was also detected among two children in some localities in urban Accra while the patients had had no prior travel history outside of the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomological risk assessment for transmission of arboviral diseases by Aedes mosquitoes in a domestic and forest site in Accra, Ghana

Akyea-Bobi,

Akorli,

Opoku

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Dengue, Zika and chikungunya are Aedes-borne viral diseases that have become great global health concerns in the past years. Several countries in Africa have reported outbreaks of these diseases and despite Ghana sharing borders with some of these countries, such outbreaks are yet to be detected. Viral RNA and antibodies against dengue serotype-2 have recently been reported among individuals in some localities in the regional capital of Ghana. This is an indication of a possible silent transmission ongoing in the population. This study, therefore, investigated the entomological transmission risk of dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses in a forest and domestic population in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana. All stages of the Aedes mosquito (egg, larvae, pupae and adults) were collected around homes and in the forest area for estimation of risk indices. All eggs were hatched and reared to larvae or adults for morphological identification together with larvae and adults collected from the field. The forest population had higher species richness with 7 Aedes species. The predominant species of Aedes mosquitoes identified from both sites was Aedes aegypti (98%). Aedes albopictus, an important arbovirus vector, was identified only in the peri-domestic population at a prevalence of 1.5%, significantly higher than previously reported. All risk indices were above the WHO threshold except the House Index for the domestic site which was moderate (19.8). The forest population recorded higher Positive Ovitrap (34.2% vs 26.6%) and Container (67.9% vs 36.8%) Indices than the peri-domestic population. Although none of the mosquito pools showed the presence of dengue, chikungunya or Zika viruses, all entomological risk indicators showed that both sites had a high potential arboviral disease transmission risk should any of these viruses be introduced. Continuous surveillance is recommended in these and other sites in the Metropolis to properly map transmission risk areas to inform outbreak preparedness strategies.

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Dengue virus exposure among blood donors in Ghana

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Analysis of dengue fever disease in West Africa

Analysis of dengue fever disease in West Africa

Transmission risk assessment of Aedes-borne arboviral diseases in Accra, Ghana

Entomological risk assessment for transmission of arboviral diseases by Aedes mosquitoes in a domestic and forest site in Accra, Ghana

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