Dengue 3 Epidemic, Havana, 2001

Abstract

In June 2001, dengue transmission was detected in Havana, Cuba; 12,889 cases were reported. Dengue 3, the etiologic agent of the epidemic, caused the dengue hemorrhagic fever only in adults, with 78 cases and 3 deaths. After intensive vector control efforts, no new cases have been detected.

Classical dengue hemorrhagic fever resulting from two dengue infections spaced 20 years or more apart: Havana, Dengue 3 epidemic, 2001–2002

“…IgM dengue antibodies were positive in more than 12,000 patients, including 81 DHF cases. 6 Data obtained from laboratory surveillance during the epidemic confirmed that the DEN 3 virus was the only etiological agent of this outbreak. Ninetyone DEN 3 isolates were obtained at different times of the epidemic.…”

Tumor necrosis factor–alpha, transforming growth factor–β1, and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms: implication in protection or susceptibility to dengue hemorrhagic fever

“…The effective vector control activities avoided the spread of the virus to other parts of the country allowing the elimination of transmission in the same year [17]. Later, a DENV-3 outbreak took place in Havana in 2001/2002 with 81 DHF cases and total of 12,889 cases [19]. Vector control measures limited once again the extension of this virus to the rest 14 Cuban provinces.…”

HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 allele frequencies in Cuban individuals with antecedents of dengue 2 disease: Advantages of the Cuban population for HLA studies of dengue virus infection

“…In contrast to other countries, characterized by the cocirculation of several serotypes, Cuba represents a unique scenario to perform genetic studies of DHF resistance and susceptibility, with known clinical and serologic dengue markers in a population with a unique history of dengue virus epidemics [11,14,15,28]. Consequently, in this study, HLA-A, -B, class I, and HLA-DRB1 class II polymorphism were examined in Cuban individuals with history of DF or DHF in the course of both primary and secondary dengue 2 infections during the 1997 D2 outbreak, using PCR-based typing techniques.…”