Dendrimer functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as a promising platform for localized hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis

Abstract

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are a well‐explored class of nanomaterials known for their high magnetization and biocompatibility. They have been used in various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, biosensors, hyperthermia, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. It is necessary to surface modify the nanoparticles with a biocompatible moiety to prevent their agglomeration and enable them to target to the defined area. Dendrimers have attracted considerable attention due to their small size, monodispersed, well‐defined globular shape, and a relative ease incorporation of targeting ligands. In this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via a coprecipitation method. The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) had been modified with (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane, and then polyamidoamine functionalized MNPs had been synthesized cycling. Various characterization techniques had been used to reveal the morphology, size, and structure of the nanoparticles such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometer, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential measurements. In addition, the cytotoxicity property of G3–dendrimer functionalized MNPs were evaluated using 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2, 5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay which confirmed the biocompatibility of the nanocomposites. Dendrimer functionalized MNPs are able to act as contrast agents for MRI and magnetic fluid hyperthermia mediators. A superior heat generation was achieved for the given concentration according to the hyperthermia results. MRI results show that the synthesized nanocomposites are a favorable option for MRI contrast agent. We believe that these dendrimer functionalized MNPs have the potential of integrating therapeutic and diagnostic functions in a single carrier.

Effects of Electromagnets on Bovine Corneal Endothelial Cells Treated with Dendrimer Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

“…These results can be attributed to the carboxylate moiety on the SPION surface. This surface is further functionalized by the amine groups of PAMAM producing D-SPIONs [ 33 ].…”

Recent advances in development of dendritic polymer‐based nanomedicines for cancer diagnosis

“…In other cases, the inorganic cores may be pre‐coated with a spacer, and the dendritic ligands of various generations could be conjugated to the spacer. For example, superparamagnetic NPs (SPIONs) were first coated with amine‐terminated APTES [(3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane], and the exposed amine groups on their surfaces were conducive to further functionalization of third‐generation PAMAM dendrons (Esmaeili et al, 2019). These two conjugation methods broaden the monomer library for the preparation of versatile inorganic–organic hybrid.…”

Magnetic systems for cancer immunotherapy

“…Several of the therapeutic mechanisms described so far are compatible with MRI, the most common of which is MH. Since MRI and MH are well-characterized, many recent studies have focused on the design of particle systems that are optimally functional for each, such as dual-ligand and magnetic tumor-targeting SPIONs, which were shown to increase tumor penetration and accumulation 249 , tetramethylammonium hydroxide-coated nickel ferrite particles with highly efficient heating and imaging contrast 250 , dendrimer-functionalized SPIONs with superior MH characteristics and MRI contrast enhancement 251 , and uniform peptide-bound active targeting SPIONs for improved intratumoral delivery, optimized for MH, MRI, and MPI 252 . Other MRI-theranostic modalities use magnetic targeting of SPIONs for delivery of CpG ODNs to tumors 253 and redox-mediated release and transfection of siRNA for silencing of human telomerase reverse transcriptase genes from SPION carriers to hepatocellular carcinoma cells 254 , while acting as contrast agent for MRI.…”