Delta flashing of an ECU in the automotive industry

Bogdan, Daniel; Bogdan, Răzvan; Popa, M.

doi:10.1109/saci.2016.7507429

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…One of the main contributions of this study is the significant reduction in downtime during the update process as well as the elimination of the need for rebooting the end device after the update. Moreover, this method aims to overcome some limitations associated with the delta firmware update method described in [3,12,15], namely, the requirement to reconstruct the firmware from the deltas, leading to resource savings and process simplification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to the efficient use of the communications channel, the literature refers to methods for optimising the data transmission to be updated. Bogdan [3] focuses on optimising data transmission in firmware update processes, detailing the concept of delta transmission and its combination with data compression. That work is based on the use of opcodes instead of addresses, offering an innovative perspective to efficiently transmit the updates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovative Firmware Update Method to Microcontrollers during Runtime

Neves,

Santos,

Valente

2024

Electronics

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This article presents a new firmware update paradigm for optimising the procedure in microcontrollers. The aim is to allow updating during program execution, without interruptions or restarts, replacing only specific code segments. The proposed method uses static and absolute addresses to locate and isolate the code segment to be updated. The work focuses on Microchip’s PIC18F27K42 microcontroller and includes an example of updating functionality without affecting ongoing applications. This approach is ideal for band limited channels, reducing the amount of data transmitted during the update process. It also allows incremental changes to the program code, preserving network capacity, and reduces the costs associated with data transfer, especially in firmware update scenarios using cellular networks. This ability to update the normal operation of the device, avoiding service interruption and minimising downtime, is of remarkable value.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Firmware Update Method to Microcontrollers during Runtime

Neves,

Santos,

Valente

2024

Electronics

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“…In addition, different security mechanisms have been used to secure the software updates by means of hashing mechanisms [13,14] as well as symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic mechanisms [15,16]. SOTA approaches have been extended by using compression [17] and delta flashing [18] to reduce the network utilization and bandwidth used for software updates. Blockchain-based approaches [19,20] have also been considered for performing software updates for vehicles to guarantee the authenticity and integrity of new updates.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

MT-SOTA: A Merkle-Tree-Based Approach for Secure Software Updates over the Air in Automotive Systems

Bazzi,

Shaout,

2023

Applied Sciences

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The automotive industry has seen a dynamic transformation from traditional hardware-defined to software-defined architecture enabling higher levels of autonomy and connectivity, better safety and security features, as well as new in-vehicle experiences and richer functions through software and ongoing updates of both functional and safety-critical features. Service-oriented architecture plays a pivotal role in realizing software-defined vehicles and fostering new business models for OEMs. Such architecture evolution demands new development paradigms to address the increasing complexity of software. This is crucial to guarantee seamless software development, integration, and deployment—all the way from cloud or backend repositories to the vehicle. Additionally, it calls for enhanced collaboration between car manufacturers and suppliers. Simultaneously, it introduces challenges associated with the necessity for ongoing updates and support ensuring vehicles remain safe and up to date. Current approaches to software updates have primarily been implemented for traditional vehicle architectures, which mostly comprise specialized electronic control units (ECUs) designed for specific functions. These ECUs are programmed with a single comprehensive executable that is then flashed onto the ECU all at once. Different approaches should be considered for new software-based vehicle architectures and specifically for ECUs with multiple independent software packages. These packages should be updated independently and selectively for each ECU. Thus, we propose a new scheme for software updates based on a Merkle tree approach to cope with the complexity of the new software architecture while addressing safety and security requirements of real-time and resource-constrained embedded systems in the vehicle. The Merkle-tree-based software updates over the air (MT-SOTA) proposal enables secure updates for individual software clusters. These clusters are developed and integrated by diverse entities with varying release timelines. Our study demonstrates that the MT-SOTA scheme can enhance the speed of software update execution without significantly increasing the process overhead. Additionally, it offers necessary defense against potential cyberthreats. The results of the performed technical analysis and experiments of the MT-SOTA implementation are presented in this paper.

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“…In this way, the need to use a programmer-debugger which is an expensive device is eliminated. In the literature there are presented bootloaders for different kind of microcontrollers, such as PIC [3], AVR [4], ARM [5], Renesas [6], [7] and NXP [8]. Texas Instruments MSP bootloaders are also presented in [9], [10] and [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a MSP430 Bootloader

Mischie

Pazsitka

2019

2019 International Conference on Applied Electronics (AE)

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This paper presents implementation of a serial bootloader for a MSP430G2553 microcontroller. It is implemented in assembly language and it is written in the information area of the microcontroller memory by using any usual tool for flashing. Then, the source of the application can be developed. The application code that is obtained by using the compiler and linker must be sent to the microcontroller. For this purpose, a serial communication between PC and the UART port of the microcontroller via an USB to serial converter is implemented. In this case a MATLAB application is run on the PC while the bootloader is run on the microcontroller. Finally, the bootloader receives and writes the application code in the main area of the Flash memory. Thus, an efficient method to update the application code, having advantages in comparison with those in literature is proposed.

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Delta flashing of an ECU in the automotive industry

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Innovative Firmware Update Method to Microcontrollers during Runtime

Innovative Firmware Update Method to Microcontrollers during Runtime

MT-SOTA: A Merkle-Tree-Based Approach for Secure Software Updates over the Air in Automotive Systems

Designing a MSP430 Bootloader

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