Delamination of polyamide/polyolefin multilayer films by selective glycolysis of polyurethane adhesive

O'Rourke, Galahad; Houbrechts, Margot; Nees, Marthe; Roosen, Martijn; Meester, Steven De; Vos, Dirk De

doi:10.1039/d2gc01531e

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The access surface area is another important parameter affecting the delamination rate. In all experiments reported in the literature, the multilayer packaging samples were cut into strips or pieces (to increase reaction surface area) and thoroughly immersed in selected solvents [ 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Physical Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2022, O’Rourke et al [ 24 ] studied the delamination mechanism of polyamide (PA)/polyolefin (PO) multilayer packaging by ethylene glycol (EG) oligomers. At a temperature (100–150 °C), diethylene glycol (DEG) could result in glycolysis of the solvent-free polyurethane adhesive in both polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) based multilayer films, thereby separating the PA and the PO layers.…”

Section: Physical Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Progress in Solvent-Based Recycling of Polymers from Multilayer Packaging

Li,

Theodosopoulos,

Lovell

et al. 2024

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conversion of chemical feedstocks derived from fossil fuels to virgin polymer, manufacturing of plastics in coal-dependent economies, and increasing consumption of virgin polymers for plastics packaging contribute significantly to environmental issues and the challenges we face. Nowadays, promoting sustainable development has become the consensus of more and more countries. Among them, the recycling of multilayer packaging is a huge challenge. Due to the complexity of its structure and materials, as well as the limitations of existing recycling frameworks, currently, multilayer packaging cannot be commercially recycled thus resulting in a series of circular economy challenges. It is undeniable that multilayer packaging offers many positive effects on products and consumers, so banning the use of such packaging would be unwise and unrealistic. Developing the appropriate processes to recycle multilayer packaging is the most feasible strategy. In recent years, there have been some studies devoted to the recycling process of multilayer packaging. Many of the processes being developed involve the use of solvents. Based on the recycled products, we categorised these recycling processes as solvent-based recycling, including physical dissolution and chemical depolymerisation. In physical dissolution, there are mainly two approaches named delamination and selective dissolution–precipitation. Focusing on these processes, this paper reviews the solvents developed and used in the last 20 years for the recycling of polymers from multilayer packaging waste and gives a summary of their advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, product quality, ease of processing, and environmental impact. Based on existing research, one could conclude that solvent-based recycling methods have the potential to be commercialised and become part of a standard recycling process for polymer-based multilayer packaging. The combined use of multiple solvent-based recycling processes could be a breakthrough in achieving unified recycling of multilayer packaging with different components.

show abstract

Section: Physical Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Dissolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Solvent-Based Recycling of Polymers from Multilayer Packaging

Li,

Theodosopoulos,

Lovell

et al. 2024

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To simplify chemical recycling and to incorporate circularity directly into the material design, Cywar et al 75 developed a PA made of ε-caprolactam and pyrrolidone, where the PA can be depolymerized with 93%-98% into the monomers at 290 C using a Lewis acid (ZnCl 2 ) after 18 h. Chemical recycling can be applied to more complex polymer systems such as multilayer films or multicomponent carpet wastes. The objective is to only decompose the PA part as in PA/polyolefin (PO) multilayers films which are usually glued together by polyurethane (PU), 76 or use a microwave assisted selective hydrolysis of PA from multicomponent carpet wastes, 77 offering an advantage over other processes such mechanical recycling.…”

Section: Metal Complex Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To recycle multilayered packaging, O'Rourke et al 76 used the solvent targeted dissolution‐precipitation method to separate PA from PO bounded by PU adhesives. A range of temperature (80–200 °C) and time (1–5 h) was investigated to completely separate the layers.…”

Section: Physical Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of polyamides: Processes and conditions

Hirschberg

Rodrigue

2023

Journal of Polymer Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyamides (PA) are a family of engineering thermoplastics used in a wide range of applications including automotive, building, construction, separation processes, textiles, and so forth. This is related to their good properties (mechanical and thermal) which can also be modified by additives, other polymers (blends and multilayers) and fillers (composites). But these complex systems (several components) make the final materials more difficult to recycle. In this review, basic statistics on the production rate of polyamides are presented and the different recycling methods are reported to compare their advantages and limitations with respect to economics and technical analyses. The discussion includes biological, chemical, mechanical, physical, and thermal treatments to reintroduce, as much as possible, the parts after their end‐of‐service. Finally, a general conclusion on the current state of PA recycling is presented with several openings for future developments to satisfy the concept of circular economy and general sustainability.

show abstract

“…Polyurethane material is one of the most important polymer materials in our daily life. Due to its adjustable mechanical properties, it is widely used in coatings, adhesives, elastomers, foams, flexible devices, and other materials. However, during the application process, polymer materials are often damaged by temperature difference, UV light, moisture, and external forces, resulting in microcracks or scratches and deterioration of material properties or even permanent damage. − Polymer researchers have been inspired by the self-healing ability of plants and animals to develop self-healing polymer materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acrylate-Modified Aqueous Polyurethane Based on Oxime–Carbamate Structure with Transparent, Healable, and Fluorescent Properties

Bai

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acrylate-modified aqueous polyurethane has become a widely used material due to its good physical and versatile chemical properties. However, owing to damage resulting from daily use, which often limits polymer performance, it is important to prepare a transparent and repairable polyurethane material. In this work, an acrylate-modified aqueous polyurethane based on the reversible structure of oxime–carbamate of butanedione oxime (POU) was prepared. The visible-light transmittance of the POU film could exceed 70%; its tensile strength and elongation at break could reach 3.0 MPa and 493%, respectively, and the POU film had a tensile strength of 3.9 MPa and elongation at break of 589% after repair. In addition, the POU has adjustable fluorescence properties, which makes this material suitable for potential application in the field of information encryption.

show abstract

Delamination of polyamide/polyolefin multilayer films by selective glycolysis of polyurethane adhesive

Abstract: Recycling of multilayer packaging is challenging due to the heterogeneity of plastic types that can be comingled by chemical bonding with adhesives. For this purpose, delamination of polyamide(PA)/polyolefin (PO) multilayers,...

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Progress in Solvent-Based Recycling of Polymers from Multilayer Packaging

Progress in Solvent-Based Recycling of Polymers from Multilayer Packaging

Recycling of polyamides: Processes and conditions

Acrylate-Modified Aqueous Polyurethane Based on Oxime–Carbamate Structure with Transparent, Healable, and Fluorescent Properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About