Definitions and Terminology

Goycoolea, Marcos V.; Hueb, Marcelo M.; Ruah, Carlos B.

doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(20)31087-2

Cited by 47 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Chronic otitis media (COM) is a permanent abnormality of the tympanic membrane following a long-standing middle ear infection as a result of acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), or persistent negative pressure of the middle ear for a long time ( Browning et al., 2008 ). Tympanic perforations that continue to discharge for periods between 6 weeks and 3 months ( Goycoolea et al., 1991 ), despite medical treatment, have been recognized as chronic otitis media, whereas the World Health Organization (WHO) definition requires only 2 weeks of continuous ear discharge ( World Health Organization, 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic otitis media and subsequent hearing loss in children from the Himalayan region residing in Buddhist Monastic schools of Nepal

Maharjan¹,

Phuyal²,

Shrestha³

et al. 2020

Journal of Otology

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Objectives The main objective of the study was to ascertain the prevalence of chronic otitis media and determine the corresponding hearing loss in children from Nepal’s Himalayan region now residing in Buddhist Monastic schools of Nepal. Methods The study was conducted among children at Buddhist monastic school in different parts of Nepal. A total of 3174 children aged between 5 and 15 years, who were originally from the Himalayan region of Nepal and were currently residing in monastic schools, were screened for ear problems and hearing loss. They were examined by otoscope to diagnose chronic otitis media. Hearing was evaluated by pure tone audiometer, and 0.5–4 kHz air conduction hearing threshold was measured and documented. Results Of the total of 3174 children who were screened for ear diseases and hearing loss, monks constituted 76.21% (n = 2419) and Nuns 23.78% (n = 755). Chronic otitis media was the most common otoscopic finding during the screening, and it affected a total of 344 (10.83%) children. Out of these 344, hearing loss of varying degrees was observed in 5.42% (n = 172) children. Conclusion There is high prevalence of chronic otitis media in children belonging to the Himalayan region of Nepal, and it is the main cause of avoidable hearing loss. Timely diagnosis and treatment of chronic otitis media could prevent unnecessary hearing loss in these children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic otitis media and subsequent hearing loss in children from the Himalayan region residing in Buddhist Monastic schools of Nepal

Maharjan¹,

Phuyal²,

Shrestha³

et al. 2020

Journal of Otology

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“…Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is defined as inflammation of the middle ear cavity and the mastoid, and is characterized by a perforation in the Tympanic membrane along with persistent or recurrent ear discharge for duration of at least 03 months. 1 CSOM has high incidence rate in developing countries probably owing to a low socioeconomic status. 2 However, differences in rates of CSOM cannot be fully explained by socioeconomic status as there is considerable heterogeneity in prevalence rates in areas of similar socio-economic status within a given region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over-Underlay technique of myringoplasty.

Hameed

Naveed

Akbar

et al. 2021

TPMJ

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Objective: To observe the success rate of Over-underlay technique of myringoplasty in patients with inactive tubo-tympanic type of CSOM. Study Design: Descriptive, Observational study. Setting: ENT Department Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: December 2018 to December 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 80 patients with inactive tubo-tympanic type of CSOM, from both genders, within age range of 15-45 years, having pure conductive hearing loss with an Air-Bone gap of not less than 15 dB were selected by convenient sampling technique. Patients having an active ear disease or previous history of ear surgery, an active sinus or URT disease, or any comorbidity were excluded from the study. Complete general and head-neck examination was done after taking history. Patients’ affected ears were examined under surgical microscope to see the drum perforation, condition of middle ear mucosa and the status of the ossicles. Hearing assessment was done by Pure Tone Audiometry through both air and bone conduction. Temporalis fascia graft myringoplasty was done in all these patients by over-underlay technique, and they were discharged on 5th post-operative day, and were followed up in ENT OPD after 3 weeks. Status of graft was seen under surgical microscope after removing the BIPP. After three months the patients were reviewed for graft status and hearing assessment. Successful outcome was taken as those patients in whom graft uptake was successful with complete closure of perforation, and secondly, closure of the Air-Bone gap by at least 10 dB. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19. Results: Mean age of the patients (n = 80) was found to be 30.8 Years. Gender distribution showed 57 (71.25%) Males and 23 (28.75%) Females with a M:F ratio of 2.5:1. Success rate was found significantly better among younger aged males. Graft uptake was successful in 74 (92.5%) of the patients. With respect to closure of A-B gap, post-operative mean difference in Air-Bone gap was found to be 9.6 dB ± 3.9 SD as compared to preoperative mean A-B gap of 28.5 dB ± 4.2 SD, thus a closure of A-B gap by 18.9 dB ± 2.4 SD. Conclusion: Over-underlay technique is found to be a successful technique for myringoplasty in terms of graft uptake and improvement in hearing thresholds in the patients with inactive tubo-tympanic type of CSOM.

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“…Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM): Is defined as a continuous and enduring inflammation and infection of middle ear cleft and mastoid air cells for more than 6 weeks [1]. The duration of otorrhea for classifying chronic suppurative otitis media has been the subject of discussion among Otorhinolaryngologists with period ranging between 3 weeks to 3 months [2] while WHO recommended the period of 2 weeks duration [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriological Study Of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Hadi¹,

Khammas²,

Alsaeed³

2020

DJM

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Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media is a destructive disease of middle ear cleft that can progress rapidly. Medical treatment which depend on proper antibiotic selected from culture and sensitivity were prescribed, otherwise process goes to intra or extracranial complication. Objective: Relation of certain clinical features to each isolated bacteria. The types of bacteria in chronic suppurative otitis media. Drug sensitivity for each isolated bacteria. Patients and Methods: Forty-six patients enrolled in the current study, 41 patients have unilaterally discharged ears and 5 bilaterally discharged ears. The total ears are 51 ears were taken for examination, microorganism isolation, biochemical tests and then culture and sensitivity tests. Regarding ear examination, it involved clinical picture. Regarding laboratory tests certain types of biochemical test, 4 types of media were used for isolation of bacteria and in culture and sensitivity tests. 16 types of drugs used for culture and sensitivity test. All collected data putted in a questionnaire, tables and histograms. Results: 55% of patients with profuse discharge while 45% scanty amount of ears discharge. Mucosal type of chronic suppurative otitis media were 53% while 47% of squamous type. Regarding types of bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 41.2%, Staphylococcus aureus of 11.6% are the most common isolated bacteria. Regarding drug sensitivity, Imipenem, Meropenem of 100% sensitivity, Amikacin of 92% sensitivity while Cefixime of 62% resistance. Conclusion:There was a relation between particular suppurative chronic otitis media causing microorganisms and specific discharge.Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus respectively are the most common pathogens. Imipenem and Meropenem are the most effective drugs

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Definitions and Terminology

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Chronic otitis media and subsequent hearing loss in children from the Himalayan region residing in Buddhist Monastic schools of Nepal

Chronic otitis media and subsequent hearing loss in children from the Himalayan region residing in Buddhist Monastic schools of Nepal

Over-Underlay technique of myringoplasty.

Bacteriological Study Of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

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