Deficits in Perception of Images of Real-World Scenes in Patients With a History of Amblyopia

Abstract

To investigate the perception of images of real-world scenes in patients with amblyopia and to compare their performance with that of visually normal participants by viewing conditions (monocular vs binocular) and by treatment outcomes (successfully vs unsuccessfully treated vs normal eyes). Methods: Thirty-nine healthy and 26 amblyopic individuals who had undergone previous amblyopia treatment were recruited to perform a match-to-sample task that used images of real-world scenes. Rates of correct, incorrect, and no responses and mean reaction time were recorded. Results: Performance during monocular viewing showed that the mean correct response rate was 59% in the amblyopic eyes, 62% in the fellow eyes, and 67% in the normal eyes (P=.008). During binocular viewing, the correct response rate remained reduced at 58% in amblyopic patients compared with 68% in participants with normal vision (P = .03). Performance by treatment outcomes showed that the mean correct response rate was 59% in the unsuccessfully treated group, 64% in the successfully treated group, and 67% in the normal group (P=.002). There was no difference in performance among amblyopia subtypes. Conclusions: Real-world scene perception is impaired in amblyopia, with the poorest performance during amblyopic monocular and binocular viewing. Despite successful treatment of the amblyopic eye to normal acuity levels, perception of images in real-world scenes remains deficient in patients with a history of amblyopia.

Effects of Anisometropic Amblyopia on Visuomotor Behavior, III: Temporal Eye-Hand Coordination during Reaching

“…48 Furthermore, binocular suppression is also evident in monkeys 42 and humans, 48 suggesting that while amblyopia disrupts predominantly the excitatory interactions between the two eyes, cortical inhibitory binocular connections are less susceptible to abnormal visual experience. Our results thus provide additional support to the growing body of evidence that abnormal visual processing [35][36][37][38]41,49 and altered motor behavior 23 are also present during fellow eye and binocular viewing in patients.…”

Effects of Anisometropic Amblyopia on Visuomotor Behavior, III: Temporal Eye-Hand Coordination during Reaching

“…48 Furthermore, binocular suppression is also evident in monkeys 42 and humans, 48 suggesting that while amblyopia disrupts predominantly the excitatory interactions between the two eyes, cortical inhibitory binocular connections are less susceptible to abnormal visual experience. Our results thus provide additional support to the growing body of evidence that abnormal visual processing [35][36][37][38]41,49 and altered motor behavior 23 are also present during fellow eye and binocular viewing in patients.…”

Effects of Reduced Acuity and Stereo Acuity on Saccades and Reaching Movements in Adults With Amblyopia and Strabismus

“…[76][77][78] Sustained attentional suppression also could be acting in addition to physiologic deficits in striate/extrastriate cortex to exacerbate the behavioral deficits. Our findings highlighted once again that amblyopia is not merely a simple visual disorder, it is a complex disorder that affects multiple sensory, [79][80][81] motor, 10,42,45,51 and perceptual 18,82,83 functions that cannot be explained by lower level deficits alone.…”

Binocular fusion enhances the efficiency of spot-the-difference gameplay

“…amblyopia [43,44]) may not experience the advantage of fusion mode of gameplay. Such a difficulty has been demonstrated in amblyopia for a real-world scene matching paradigm that resembles a change blindness task [45].…”

Effects of Anisometropic Amblyopia on Visuomotor Behavior, III: Temporal Eye-Hand Coordination during Reaching

“…48 Furthermore, binocular suppression is also evident in monkeys 42 and humans, 48 suggesting that while amblyopia disrupts predominantly the excitatory interactions between the two eyes, cortical inhibitory binocular connections are less susceptible to abnormal visual experience. Our results thus provide additional support to the growing body of evidence that abnormal visual processing [35][36][37][38]41,49 and altered motor behavior 23 are also present during fellow eye and binocular viewing in patients.…”

Effects of Reduced Acuity and Stereo Acuity on Saccades and Reaching Movements in Adults With Amblyopia and Strabismus

“…[76][77][78] Sustained attentional suppression also could be acting in addition to physiologic deficits in striate/extrastriate cortex to exacerbate the behavioral deficits. Our findings highlighted once again that amblyopia is not merely a simple visual disorder, it is a complex disorder that affects multiple sensory, [79][80][81] motor, 10,42,45,51 and perceptual 18,82,83 functions that cannot be explained by lower level deficits alone.…”

Binocular fusion enhances the efficiency of spot-the-difference gameplay

“…amblyopia [43,44]) may not experience the advantage of fusion mode of gameplay. Such a difficulty has been demonstrated in amblyopia for a real-world scene matching paradigm that resembles a change blindness task [45].…”

Effects of Anisometropic Amblyopia on Visuomotor Behavior, III: Temporal Eye-Hand Coordination during Reaching

“…48 Furthermore, binocular suppression is also evident in monkeys 42 and humans, 48 suggesting that while amblyopia disrupts predominantly the excitatory interactions between the two eyes, cortical inhibitory binocular connections are less susceptible to abnormal visual experience. Our results thus provide additional support to the growing body of evidence that abnormal visual processing [35][36][37][38]41,49 and altered motor behavior 23 are also present during fellow eye and binocular viewing in patients.…”

Effects of Reduced Acuity and Stereo Acuity on Saccades and Reaching Movements in Adults With Amblyopia and Strabismus

“…[76][77][78] Sustained attentional suppression also could be acting in addition to physiologic deficits in striate/extrastriate cortex to exacerbate the behavioral deficits. Our findings highlighted once again that amblyopia is not merely a simple visual disorder, it is a complex disorder that affects multiple sensory, [79][80][81] motor, 10,42,45,51 and perceptual 18,82,83 functions that cannot be explained by lower level deficits alone.…”

Binocular fusion enhances the efficiency of spot-the-difference gameplay

“…amblyopia [43,44]) may not experience the advantage of fusion mode of gameplay. Such a difficulty has been demonstrated in amblyopia for a real-world scene matching paradigm that resembles a change blindness task [45].…”