Deficits in general emotion regulation skills–Evidence of a transdiagnostic factor

Lukas, Christian Aljoscha; Ebert, David Daniel; Fuentes, Hugo Trevisi; Caspar, Franz; Berking, Matthias

doi:10.1002/jclp.22565

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Compared to healthy samples 48–50 both of them were less skilled in ER, but compared to cluster 1, patients from cluster 2 reported more severe lack of skills: adult patients with ADHD from cluster 2 had highest ratings of emotional lability and reported the lowest ER skills, thus representing a subgroup of ADHD with severe ERD. Even compared to other clinical groups 48 cluster 2 reported more impaired ER skills than comparison samples of patients with major depressive and adjustment disorders. In contrast, the total ER skill competence in cluster 1 was significantly higher than in samples of depressive, recurrently depressive and adjustment disordered patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…48 MDD-SELukas et al . 48 MDD-REMean2.321.652.712.532.712.171.981.64SD0.710.630.520.680.520.720.790.71N181204214263576477444421Cluster 1——d = 0.64[0.44, 0.84]d = 0.31[0.12, 0.5]d = 0.68[0.51, 0.85]d = −0.20[−0.38, −0.03]d = −0.44[−0.61, −0.26]d = −0.95[−1.13, −0.77]Cluster 2——d = 1.84[1.61–2.07]d = 1.34[1.14–1.54]d = 1.87[1.69–2.06]d = 0.75[0.58–0.92]d = 0.45[0.28–0.62]d = −0.01[−0.18–0.16]Based on the reported mean and SD effect sizes Cohen’s d [CI95] was calculated to assess differences between both clusters with healthy and clinical comparison samples. For comparison with previous research, we report here the mean total score instead of the sum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional dysregulation subgroups in patients with adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a cluster analytic approach

Hirsch¹,

Chavanon

Christiansen

2019

Sci Rep

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Emotion regulation deficits (ERD) are evident in about 34–70% of the adults with ADHD. In contrast to this, they are not considered in the diagnostic criteria of the disorder. In a recent study of our research group using confirmatory factor analysis, we modeled positive and negative emotion as well as emotion regulation skills along with the classical ADHD-core symptoms. We showed that negative affect and the failure to apply adaptive emotion regulation skills were distinct and indicative dimensions in adult ADHD. In this study, we used a person-centered approach based on cluster analysis to subtype patients on the presence or relative absence of ERD. This results in important information to individualize treatment decisions. We found two clusters, with cluster 2 showing high ERD that were associated with higher impairments indicated by depressive mood, negative affect and elevated psychological distress. There were also higher rates of comorbidity in cluster 2 such as somatoform disorders which were associated with ERD. Women were overrepresented in this cluster 2. Neuropsychological variables did not contribute significantly to cluster formation. In conclusion, ADHD in adults is a heterogeneous disorder with specific subgroups that need differential treatment approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional dysregulation subgroups in patients with adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a cluster analytic approach

Hirsch¹,

Chavanon

Christiansen

2019

Sci Rep

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“…This proposal is based on the following assumptions: (i) any kind of cognitive or behavioral activity that plays a role in maintaining a mental disorder may initially reduce negative effects (to some extent); (ii) individuals experiencing negative emotions are tempted to engage in pathogenic cognitive or behavioral processes when they encounter negative affective states; (iii) engaging in pathogenic processes is reinforced by the subsequent (short-term) reduction of negative mood; and (iv) the likelihood of engaging in these pathogenic processes is reduced by providing adaptive ways of responding to undesired affective states (which ideally reduce negative affect in both a short- and long-term perspective) [22]. Empirical support for this line of argument comes from the rapidly growing number of studies associating various forms of mental disorders with deficits in emotion regulation (e.g., [1, 5, 20]). Given preliminary evidence that emotion regulation skills can be enhanced with transdiagnostic trainings [2, 66, 82, 125], there is significant support for the hypothesis that strengthening emotion regulation skills might be a promising approach to treating mental disorders in general .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empirical evidence for the hypothesis that deficits in ER contribute to the development and maintenance of a broad range of mental disorders comes from a large number of cross-sectional, prospective, and experimental studies [1, 5, 19, 20]. Based on these findings, it can be hypothesized that many mental disorders can be successfully treated with the help of interventions that focus exclusively upon enhancing general emotion regulation skills [21, 22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affect regulation training reduces symptom severity in depression – A randomized controlled trial

et al. 2019

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Deficits in general emotion regulation skills have been shown to be associated with various mental disorders. Thus, general affect-regulation training has been proposed as promising transdiagnostic approach to the treatment of psychopathology. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a general affect-regulation as a stand-alone, group-based treatment for depression. For this purpose, we randomly assigned 218 individuals who met criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) to the Affect Regulation Training (ART), to a waitlist control condition (WLC), or to a condition controlling for common factors (CFC). The primary outcome was the course of depressive symptom severity as assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Beck Depression Inventory. Multi-level analyses indicated that participation in ART was associated with a greater reduction of depressive symptom severity than was participation in WLC (d = 0.56), whereas the slight superiority of ART over CFC (d = 0.25) was not statistically significant. Mediation analyses indicated that changes in emotion regulation skills mediated the differences between ART/CFC and WLC. Thus, the findings provide evidence for enhancing emotion regulation skills as a common mechanism of change in psychological treatments for depression. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01330485) and was supported by grants from the German Research Association (DFG; BE 4510/3-1; HI 456/6-2). Future research should compare the (cost-) efficacy of ART with that of disorder-specific interventions.

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“…Especially during (middle) adolescence, emotional stability is lowest and youth experience a dysfunctional shift toward an increased use of maladaptive strategies (Zimmermann and Iwanski, 2014;Cracco et al, 2017). Emotion regulation is a transdiagnostic factor for the development and maintenance of various psychological disorders (Lukas et al, 2018). More specifically, rumination, catastrophizing, and positive reappraisal are the cognitive emotion regulation strategies that are most predictive of depressive and anxiety symptoms (Garnefski and Kraaij, 2006).…”

Section: Emotion Regulation and Ed Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity Functioning and Eating Disorder Symptomatology: The Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Adolescence is the most critical life period for the development of eating disorder (ED) symptomatology. Although problems in identity functioning and emotion dysregulation have been proven important risk and maintaining factors of ED symptomatology, they have never been integrated in a longitudinal study.Methods: The present study is part of the Longitudinal Identity research in Adolescence (LIA)-study and aimed to uncover the temporal interplay between identity functioning, cognitive emotion regulation, and ED symptomatology in adolescence. A total of 2,162 community adolescents (Time 1: 54% female; Mage = 14.58, SD = 1.88, range = 10–21 years) participated at three measurement points with 1-year intervals. They reported on identity functioning (identity synthesis and identity confusion), cognitive emotion regulation (rumination, catastrophizing, and positive reappraisal), and ED symptomatology (drive for thinness and bulimia symptoms).Results: Cross-lagged paths could be fixed for boys and girls and showed bidirectional associations between both dimensions of identity functioning and both rumination and catastrophizing over time. Similarly, these maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies were bidirectionally related to ED symptomatology over time. Finally, indirect pathways pointed to bidirectional associations between both dimensions of identity functioning and bulimia symptoms through rumination and catastrophizing. Only unidirectional associations emerged for drive for thinness and almost no cross-lagged associations were found with positive reappraisal.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that identity confusion may contribute to the development of ED symptomatology in adolescence through cognitive emotion dysregulation. It also reveals that these ED symptoms hamper identity development through emotion dysregulation. These results stress the importance of targeting both identity functioning and cognitive emotion regulation in the prevention and intervention of ED symptoms.

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Deficits in general emotion regulation skills–Evidence of a transdiagnostic factor

Abstract: The studies provide evidence that deficits in ER are associated with various forms of psychopathology. However, mental disorders seem to differ with regard to how strongly they are linked to ER skills.

Cited by 30 publications

References 71 publications

Emotional dysregulation subgroups in patients with adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a cluster analytic approach

Emotional dysregulation subgroups in patients with adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a cluster analytic approach

Affect regulation training reduces symptom severity in depression – A randomized controlled trial

Identity Functioning and Eating Disorder Symptomatology: The Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies

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