Deep Eutectic Solvents as Extraction Media for Valuable Flavonoids from Natural Sources

Skarpalezos, Dimitris; Detsi, Anastasia

doi:10.3390/app9194169

Cited by 104 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Over the past few years, DES have gained significant attention because of their high prospect as green solvents, since they are characterized by almost complete absence of toxicity, recyclability, and biodegradability [8]. On the other hand, the flexibility in their synthesis makes possible to tune their composition and therefore their physicochemical properties as desired, lending them a high degree of applicability in processes such as natural product extraction [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green Extraction Process for Polyphenols from Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) Flowers Using Deep Eutectic Solvent and Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment

et al. 2020

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Sambucus nigra flowers, known as elderberry flowers (EBF), are a plant tissue rich in polyphenolic phytochemicals with important bioactivities. However, there are few studies dealing with the production of polyphenol-containing EBF extracts. The objective of the investigation presented herein was the development of a high-performance green extraction methodology, to generate EBF extracts enriched in polyphenolic substances, using an efficient deep eutectic solvent, combined with ultrasonication pretreatment. The DES was composed of L-lactic acid (hydrogen bond donor—HBD) and glycine (hydrogen bond acceptor—HBA) and, after an initial screening to properly regulate HBD/HBA ratio, the extraction was optimized by deploying response surface methodology. Under the optimized conditions, which were DES/water (85% w/v), liquid-to-solid ratio 60 mL g−1, and stirring speed 200 rounds per minute, the extraction yield in total polyphenols amounted to 121.24 ± 8.77 mg gallic acid equivalents per g dry matter. The integration of ultrasonication prior to the batch stirred-tank extraction boosted polyphenol recovery of up to 174.73 ± 2.62 mg gallic acid equivalents per g dry matter. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed that the richest EBF extract obtained was dominated by rutin, a di-p-coumaroylquic acid and chlorogenic acid.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Green Extraction Process for Polyphenols from Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) Flowers Using Deep Eutectic Solvent and Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment

et al. 2020

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“…DESs are considered to be green solvents and represent eutectic mixtures of a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor. The application of these solvents for the extraction of biologically active compounds from natural sources was extended intensively [28][29][30][31]. When a DES was prepared by the combination of a hydrogen bond donor and an acceptor of natural origin, it was called a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Phenyletanes and Phenylpropanoids of Rhodiola rosea L.

Shikov

Косман²,

Flissyuk

et al. 2020

Molecules

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The extraction of Rhodiola rosea rhizomes using natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) consisting of lactic acid, glucose, fructose, and water was investigated. A two-level Plackett-Burman design with five variables, followed by the steepest ascent method, was undertaken to determine the optimal extraction conditions. Among the five parameters tested, particle size, extraction modulus, and water content were found to have the highest impact on the extrability of phenyletanes and phenylpropanoids. The concentration of active compounds was analyzed by HPLC. The predicted results showed that the extraction yield of the total phenyletanes and phenylpropanoids (25.62 mg/g) could be obtained under the following conditions: extraction time of 154 min, extraction temperature of 22 • C, extraction modulus of 40, molar water content of 5:1:11 (L-lactic acid:fructose:water, mol/mol), and a particle size of rhizomes of 0.5-1 mm. These predicted values were further verified by validation experiments in predicted conditions. The experimental yields of salidroside, tyrosol, rosavin, rosin, cinnamyl alcohol and total markers (sum of phenyletanes and phenylpropanoids in mg/g) were 11.90 ± 0.02, 0.36 ± 0.02, 12.23 ± 0.21, 1.41 ± 0.01, 0.20 ± 0.01, and 26.10 ± 0.27 mg/g, respectively, which corresponded well with the predicted values from the models.

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“…Currently, DES are gaining wide acceptance as promising green solvents, due to features, including the absence of toxicity, biodegradability, and recyclability [5]. Furthermore, DES composition might be tunable, thus making possible regulation of their physicochemical properties and widening the spectrum of applicability for natural product extraction [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Valorization of Olive Leaves to Produce Polyphenol-Enriched Extracts Using an Environmentally Benign Deep Eutectic Solvent

et al. 2020

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Olive leaves (OLL) are considered to be a highly appreciated bioresource of bioactive polyphenolic phytochemicals, embracing several different structures. However, extraction processes based on deep eutectic solvents (DES) are very limited despite the wide range of techniques developed for the efficient recovery of polyphenols. This study had as objective the development of a simple, green, high-performance extraction methodology for OLL polyphenols, using a recently reported effective DES, composed of L-lactic acid and glycine. Initially, a screening was performed to select the most appropriate L-lactic/glycine molar ratio and process optimization was then carried out with response surface methodology. The optimized process variable values were DES/water (78% w/v), liquid-to-solid ratio of 36 mL g−1, and stirring speed of 500 rounds per minute, and the total polyphenol yield amounted to 97.53 ± 3.54 mg gallic acid equivalents per g dry matter. Extraction with DES at 80 °C did not significantly increase the total polyphenol yield, but it did enhance the total flavonoid yield and antioxidant activity. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed that extraction with the DES resulted in extended oleuropein hydrolysis, to the favor of hydroxytyrosol formation. This finding might have a prospect in using properly tuned DES for polyphenol modification with improved bioactivities.

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Deep Eutectic Solvents as Extraction Media for Valuable Flavonoids from Natural Sources

Cited by 104 publications

References 72 publications

A Green Extraction Process for Polyphenols from Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) Flowers Using Deep Eutectic Solvent and Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment

A Green Extraction Process for Polyphenols from Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) Flowers Using Deep Eutectic Solvent and Ultrasound-Assisted Pretreatment

Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Phenyletanes and Phenylpropanoids of Rhodiola rosea L.

Green Valorization of Olive Leaves to Produce Polyphenol-Enriched Extracts Using an Environmentally Benign Deep Eutectic Solvent

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