Deep eutectic solvent assisted synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones/thiones via Biginelli reaction: theoretical investigations on their electronic and global reactivity descriptors

Abstract

Deep eutectic solvents formed from hydrated metal chlorides and hydrogen bond donors (Type 4) were prepared and their catalytic activity was compared for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones/ thiones via Biginelli...

An investigation of vibrational analysis, thermodynamics properties and electronic properties of Formaldehyde and its stretch by substituent acetone, acetyl chloride and methyl acetate using first principles analysis

“…For Methyl Acetate, it has the lowest electronegativity (0.489788 eV) suggesting it is less inclined to attract electrons. Normally, strong electrophiles have a value greater than 1.5 eV, moderate electrophiles have a value between 0.8 eV and 1.5 eV, and marginal electrophiles have a value less than 0.8 eV [29]. Table 1 shows that the Acetone molecule has strong electrophiles in its neutral state with values of 1.570297 eV and the methyl acetate has the least electrophiles with the value 0.137800 eV in neutral state indicating marginal electrophiles.…”

A Bird's‐Eye View on Deep Eutectic Solvent‐Mediated Multicomponent Synthesis of N‐Heterocycles

“…Further computational calculations were performed with B3LYP functional at 6-31G* level to investigate several structural and quantum chemical factors, including energy gap, electronegativity, ionization potential, chemical potential, global hardness, electron affinity, softness, dipole moment, and electrophilicity index, of the pharmaceutically significant Biginelli products (Scheme 15). [49] Choline chloride as a hydrogen bond acceptor and ptoluenesulfonic acid as a hydrogen bond donor were used to create a Bronsted acid DES by Liang Wang and the team. They designed three-and four-component reactions (3CR & 4CRs) to produce large quantities of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted and 2,4,5trisubstituted imidazoles (Scheme 16).…”

“…Further computational calculations were performed with B3LYP functional at 6‐31G* level to investigate several structural and quantum chemical factors, including energy gap, electronegativity, ionization potential, chemical potential, global hardness, electron affinity, softness, dipole moment, and electrophilicity index, of the pharmaceutically significant Biginelli products (Scheme 15). [49] …”

Neoteric deep eutectic solvents: history, recent developments, and catalytic applications

“…During the Hantzsch reaction, a mixture of both 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones (Biginelli product) and 1,4-dihydropyridines (Hantzsch product) was observed in the presence of DES 1 and DES 4 for some derivatives of aldehydes. 212 Based on this observation, it was further decided to synthesize 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones via the Biginelli reaction. DES 1 and DES 4 were avoided in these studies to avoid the mixing of products and the catalytic activities of the remaining DESs were checked.…”