“…However, because many studies on fertilizer placement have reported conflicting results regarding crop performance in comparison to broadcast fertilizer, requirements for effective fertilizer placement remain unclear. Several studies have reported increased grain yield and nutrient accumulation with deep banding of fertilizers relative to broadcast (Farmaha, Fernández, & Nafziger, 2012a; Hansel, Diaz, Amado, & Rosso, 2017; Kang, Yue, & Shi‐qing, 2014; Nkebiwe, Weinmann, Bar‐Tal, & Muller, 2016), whereas others found no differences or inconsistent results (Bordoli & Mallarino, 1998; Randall & Vetsch, 2008; Yin & Vyn, 2002). As summarized by several reviews (Ma, Rengel, & Rose, 2009; Nkebiwe et al., 2016; Randall & Hoeft, 1988), the effectiveness of deep placement of fertilizers may be determined by factors including climatic condition, soil texture, tillage, fertilizing history, nutrient mobility, and crop species.…”