Decomposition of carrion in the marine environment in British Columbia, Canada

Anderson, Gail S.; Hobischak, Niki R.

doi:10.1007/s00414-004-0447-2

Cited by 89 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…To date, there have been no chemical studies of adipocere formation in water temperatures which approached zero and therefore further studies are required to confirm this finding. This study also demonstrated that adipocere can form in as little as 30 days in a cool water environment, which is comparable to the observational findings reported by Kahana et al [1] in seawater ( ~38 days) and Anderson and Hobischak [24] in freshwater (~9-35 days).…”

Section: Drift Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 91%

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Examination of adipocere formation in a cold water environment

2010

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Adipocere is a late stage postmortem decomposition product that forms from the lipids present in soft tissue. Its formation in aquatic environments is typically related to the presence of a moist, warm, anaerobic environment, and the effect of decomposer microorganisms. The ideal temperature range for adipocere formation is considered to be 21-45⁰C and is correlated to the optimal conditions for bacterial growth and enzymatic release. However, adipocere formation has been reported in cooler aquatic environments at considerable depths. This study aimed to investigate the chemical process of adipocere formation in a cold freshwater environment in Lake Ontario, Canada. Porcine tissue was used as a human tissue analogue and submerged at two depths (i.e. 10 and 30 feet) in the trophogenic zone of the lake. Samples were collected at monthly postmortem submersion intervals and analysed using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared

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Section: Drift Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Hobischak [24] also saw minimal variation in the degree of decomposition between carcasses submerged at 7.6m and 15m in seawater. However, they did observe greater differences between carcasses which floated versus those that remained in contact with the sea floor.…”

Section: Drift Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 93%

Examination of adipocere formation in a cold water environment

2010

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“…Many species participate in the insect colonization of the carcass, triggering a process of succession; if the succession pattern is constant and know, it can be highly informative (Mise et al 2007). Thus, the study of insects associated with dead bodies may assist in solving crimes and their surrounding circumstances (sMith 1986;Catts & haskel 1990;anDerson & hobisChak 2004).…”

Section: _____________________________________mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect Fauna Associated with Exposed Pig Carcasses in Southern Brazil

Ries

Blochtein

2015

EntomoBrasilis

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Abstract. The knowledge of insect patterns visiting decomposing carcasses and the analysis of parameters related to their presence help determine the post-mortem interval (PMI). This information depends on regional studies because the diversity of insects and the environmental conditions interfere in this process. The aim of the study was to analyze the insect fauna that colonizes carcasses of pigs exposed in different stages of decomposition in the study area. The experiment was conducted in southern Brazil using three domestic pigs (Sus scrofa Linnaeus) that were killed on site. Adult insects associated with carcasses were sampled daily using an insect net, manual collection and pitfall traps. Statistical tests were performed to evaluate the diversity of insects. During the process of decomposition (14 days), Scarabaeidae (25%) and Calliphoridae (23%) species were the most abundant of all of the samples. The diversity of insects is distinguishable when all parameters are analyzed. The Black Putrefaction (IV) stage exhibited the highest diversity according to the applied methods. The succession pattern was established from the species dominance index: Fresh stage -Lucilia eximia Wiedemann (Diptera, Calliphoridae); Chromatic and Bloat -Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Calliphoridae); Black Putrefaction and Skeletonization -Aphodiinae sp. 1 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae).Keywords: Colonization; forensic entomology; postmortem interval; scavenger insects; Sus scrofa. Entomofauna Associada a Carcaças de Suínos Expostas no Sul do BrasilResumo. O conhecimento dos padrões de insetos que visitam carcaças em decomposição e a análise dos parâmetros relacionados a sua presença auxilia na determinação do intervalo post-mortem (IPM). Estas informações dependem de estudos regionais, pois a diversidade de insetos e as condições ambientais interferem neste contexto. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a entomofauna que coloniza carcaças expostas em diferentes estágios de decomposição na área de estudo. O experimento foi conduzido no sul do Brasil utilizando três porcos domésticos (Sus scrofa Linnaeus), abatidos no local. Insetos adultos associados às carcaças foram amostrados diariamente com rede entomológica, coleta manual e armadilhas pitfall. Foram realizados testes estatísticos para avaliar a diversidade de insetos. Durante o processo de decomposição (14 dias), espécimes de Scarabaeidae (25%) e Calliphoridae (23%) foram os mais abundantes, considerando-se a totalidade das amostras. A diversidade de insetos é distinguível quando são analisados todos os parâmetros. A fase de Putrefação negra (IV) exibiu a maior diversidade de acordo com os métodos aplicados. O padrão de sucessão foi estabelecido a partir do índice de dominância das espécies: fase Fresca -Lucilia eximia Wiedemann (Diptera, Calliphoridae), fase Cromática e de Inchamento -Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Calliphoridae), e fase de Putrefação Negra e de Esqueletização -Aphodiinae sp. 1 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Palavras-chave:Colonização; entomologia ...

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“…The main characteristics for identification include size, median area and chorionic sculpture pattern [16]. Blow fly eggs have been used to determine time of death in the early postmortem interval [17], when precise identification is very important. Larva stage: The lava is creamy and muscoid shaped.…”

Section: Fig 1-lateral Views Of Medically Important Blow Fly Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blow Fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Thailand: Distribution, Morphological Identification and Medical Importance Appraisals

Bunchu¹

2012

Int J Parasitol Res

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Abstract-The blow fly is considered to be a medically-important insect worldwide. This review is a compilation of the currently known occurrence of blow fly species in Thailand, the fly's medical importance and its morphological identification in all stages. So far, the 93 blow fly species identified belong to 9 subfamilies, including Subfamily Ameniinae, Calliphoridae, Luciliinae, Phumosiinae, Polleniinae, Bengaliinae, Auchmeromyiinae, Chrysomyinae and Rhiniinae. There are nine species including Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya chani, Chrysomya pinguis, Chrysomya bezziana, Achoetandrus rufifacies, Achoetandrus villeneuvi, Ceylonomyia nigripes, Hemipyrellia ligurriens and Lucilia cuprina, which have been documented already as medically important species in Thailand. According to all cited reports, C. megacephala is the most abundant species. Documents related to morphological identification of all stages of important blow fly species and their medical importance also are summarized, based upon reports from only Thailand.

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Decomposition of carrion in the marine environment in British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 89 publications

References 12 publications

Examination of adipocere formation in a cold water environment

Examination of adipocere formation in a cold water environment

Insect Fauna Associated with Exposed Pig Carcasses in Southern Brazil

Blow Fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Thailand: Distribution, Morphological Identification and Medical Importance Appraisals

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