Decline in executive control during acute bouts of exercise as a function of exercise intensity and fitness level

Labelle, Véronique; Bosquet, Laurent; Mekary, Saïd; Bherer, Louis

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2012.10.001

Cited by 122 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…1), with consistently faster RT demonstrated by the sequential group, suggesting a slight cost incurred by concurrent cycling. This observation is compatible with other works showing that mild to moderate physical intensities interfere less with concurrent EF performance than higher intensities (Labelle et al 2013). Accordingly, in the present study, the intensity of the exercise training was kept low (ranging from 40 to 48% of maximum heart rate), thus the cost to concurrent cognitive performance was non-significant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The combination of cognitive and motor tasks is particularly detrimental to cognitive performance for older adults, due to the tendency to prioritize motor performance and incur DT costs in the cognitive domain (Li et al 2001). Along similar lines, Labelle et al (2013) found that participants committed significantly more errors on a Stroop test while cycling when their peak power output (PPO) was increased from 60 to 80%. For these reasons, simultaneous exercise may not be an effective way to deliver multimodality training in older adults.…”

Section: Multimodal Approaches: Combining Cognitive and Aerobic Trainingmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Comparing the Transfer Effects of Simultaneously and Sequentially Combined Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Training in Older Adults

et al. 2017

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It is known that both cognitive training and aerobic exercise training can independently improve cognitive performance in older adults. Combined multimodality (cognitive and aerobic) training has shown promise in producing significantly more training gains in older adults than pure physical exercise and control; however, results are mixed. To address these mixed results and elucidate the efficacy of different schedules of multimodal training, we compared simultaneous and sequential formats. To this end, 42 older adults (M = 68.05 years) participated in 12 sessions of same-day multimodal training and were randomly assigned to either the simultaneous (concurrent cognitive dual-task and aerobic exercise) or sequential training group (cognitive dual-task followed by aerobic exercise). Both groups showed significant improvement on measures of processing speed and verbal memory following training, with the sequential group showing a significant training advantage on working memory. Motivation to engage in cognitive effort moderated the training gains in verbal memory, and baseline aerobic fitness moderated the magnitude of training gains in response inhibition negatively. The current findings demonstrate the selective effects of training format on cognitive outcomes, in line with the principle of neural overlap, which suggests that improvements should occur to the extent that the trained and untrained tasks share underlying neural pathways. The results also underscore the importance of considering individual difference factors in cognitive training studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Multimodal Approaches: Combining Cognitive and Aerobic Trainingmentioning

confidence: 76%

Comparing the Transfer Effects of Simultaneously and Sequentially Combined Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Training in Older Adults

et al. 2017

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“…These phenomena were described as a reduction in potential energy, defined as the energy available above what is essential for independent living (Schrack et al 2010), and could lead to an increase in the relative effort associated with usual gait speed. Recently, a report from our research group suggested that executive control during acute bouts of exercises declined at higher relative physical effort intensities (Labelle et al 2013). Therefore, one could argue that increasing the potential energy available could represent one mechanism by which physical training interventions lead to better cognitive functions in a dual-task situation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Multiple roads lead to Rome: combined high-intensity aerobic and strength training vs. gross motor activities leads to equivalent improvement in executive functions in a cohort of healthy older adults

Berryman

Bherer

Nadeau

et al. 2014

AGE

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The effects of physical activity on cognition in older adults have been extensively investigated in the last decade. Different interventions such as aerobic, strength, and gross motor training programs have resulted in improvements in cognitive functions. However, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between physical activity and cognition are still poorly understood. Recently, it was shown that acute bouts of exercise resulted in reduced executive control at higher relative exercise intensities. Considering that aging is characterized by a reduction in potential energy (V˙O 2 max−energy cost of walking), which leads to higher relative walking intensity for the same absolute speed, it could be argued that any intervention aimed at reducing the relative intensity of the locomotive task would improve executive control while walking. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of a shortterm (8 weeks) high-intensity strength and aerobic training program on executive functions (single and dual task) in a cohort of healthy older adults. Fifty-one participants were included and 47 (age, 70.7±5.6) completed the study which compared the effects of three interventions: lower body strength + aerobic training (LBS-A), upper body strength + aerobic training (UBS-A), and gross motor activities (GMA). Training sessions were held 3 times every week. Both physical fitness (aerobic, neuromuscular, and body composition) and cognitive functions (RNG) during a dual task were AGE (2014) 36:9710

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“…For our study was key to use trained runners, since one of the mayor effects of exercise on cognitive performance is itness level [52][53][54], all participants were experienced runners that trained regularly at least two times per week and compete in 10 km (50% of participants), half marathon (33%) and marathon (17%) distances. This could contribute to the stability of the cognitive performance and the positive effect of the session in the licker fusion test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation on central nervous activation: A controlled trial with long distance runners

R¹

2017

J Sports Med Ther

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SummaryThe purpose of the present study was to experimentally assess the effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation while running on central nervous activation. A total of 30 long distance runners volunteered for the study. The study protocol consisted on three sessions (scheduled in three different days): (1) maximal incremental treadmill test, (2) associative task session, and (3) dissociative task session. The order of sessions 2 and 3 was counterbalanced. During sessions 2 and 3, participants performed a 55 min treadmill run at moderate intensity. Both, associative and dissociative tasks responses were monitoring and recording in real time through dynamic measure tools. Consequently, was possible to have an objective control of the attentional. Results showed a positive session (exercise+attentional task) effect for central nervous activation. The benefi ts of aerobic exercise at moderate intensity for the performance of self-regulation cognitive tasks are highlighted. The used methodology is proposed as a valid and dynamic option to study cognitions while running in order to overcome the retrospective approach.

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Decline in executive control during acute bouts of exercise as a function of exercise intensity and fitness level

Cited by 122 publications

References 46 publications

Comparing the Transfer Effects of Simultaneously and Sequentially Combined Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Training in Older Adults

Comparing the Transfer Effects of Simultaneously and Sequentially Combined Aerobic Exercise and Cognitive Training in Older Adults

Multiple roads lead to Rome: combined high-intensity aerobic and strength training vs. gross motor activities leads to equivalent improvement in executive functions in a cohort of healthy older adults

The effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation on central nervous activation: A controlled trial with long distance runners

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