2011
DOI: 10.1002/jmor.10953
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Abstract: High levels of morphological homoplasy have hindered progress in understanding morphological evolution within gymnophione lissamphibians. Stemming from the hypothesis that the braincase has the potential to yield phylogenetic information, the braincases of 27 species (23 genera) of gymnophione amphibians were examined using high-resolution micro-computed tomography and histologically prepared specimens. Morphology of the brain and its relationship to features of the braincase is described, and it is shown that… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(47 citation statements)
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“…However, recent observations made here and elsewhere (Maddin, 2011) provide evidence that largely refutes the re-entrant fluid circuit model in caecilians. Pressure waves entering the periotic sac are likely transmitted medially and not anteriorly because the periotic sac contacts the fluid-filled chamber that extends medially into the brain cavity.…”
Section: Re-entrant Fluid Circuit and The Path Of Pressure Reliefmentioning
confidence: 63%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, recent observations made here and elsewhere (Maddin, 2011) provide evidence that largely refutes the re-entrant fluid circuit model in caecilians. Pressure waves entering the periotic sac are likely transmitted medially and not anteriorly because the periotic sac contacts the fluid-filled chamber that extends medially into the brain cavity.…”
Section: Re-entrant Fluid Circuit and The Path Of Pressure Reliefmentioning
confidence: 63%
“…The accuracy required does not seem likely enough in this scenario to support the re-entrant fluid circuit model. Additionally, the foramen proposed by Wever to be the exit for the pressure waves from the brain cavity has recently been identified as that for the exit of the entire trigeminal nerve (Maddin, 2011). This is a large nerve in caecilians comprised of two large trunks (V op and V mx,md ) and their ganglia (ophthalmic and Gasserian ganglia, respectively), which often fill the entire foramen (H.C.M., pers.…”
Section: Re-entrant Fluid Circuit and The Path Of Pressure Reliefmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…the brachystelechids Carrolla craddocki [41] and Quasicaecilia texana [43], and phlegethontiids, [40]) as well as some lissamphibians (e.g. Gymnophiona, [37, 38]) exhibit massively co-ossified otoccipital regions (an os basale ), and many early tetrapods massively co-ossified their braincase more generally [6163], making description of braincase structure rather than individual bones necessary for any comparative efforts which include these taxa.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Anderson [21] has noted that this problem may be intractable due to methodological biases in datasets overwhelmed by convergence in “loss” characters. Similar intractable phylogenetic problems have been solved in lungfishes [3536], caecilians [2, 3738], and crocodilians [39] by studying variation in the often poorly-described but character-rich braincase. Recent studies have focused attention on the braincase of some lepospondyls [33, 4043] and have identified variation that may be indicative of relationships.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The braincase is a complex structure that has been demonstrated to be a more reliable indicator of phylogeny relative to the other parts of the skull in both amniote and non-amniote tetrapods [24][27]. This has been an especially valuable attribute when dealing with taxa that possess highly modified or functionally constrained skulls, as do caecilians.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%