Decay Detection in an Ancient Column with Combined Close-Range Photogrammetry (CRP) and Ultrasonic Tomography

Casula, Giuseppe; Fais, Silvana; Cuccuru, Francesco; Bianchi, Maria Giovanna; Ligas, Paola; Sitzia, Alessandro

doi:10.3390/min11101114

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The propagation longitudinal velocity (Vp) between the source and receiver transducers is expressed as the ratio of the source–receiver distance to the transit time. The Vp was used as an indirect parameter to assess the non-destructive detection of the textural variations, weakness, and weathering zones inside the materials [ 3 , 17 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to obtain a realistic initial velocity model as input for the SIRT to invert travel-time data and produce a reliable 3D representation of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocity distribution inside the columns, a methodology based on the cross-correlation function proposed by Fais and Casula (2010) [ 61 ] was applied [ 3 , 12 , 14 ]. In this study, the entire processing sequence was repeated for 20 iterations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, digital photogrammetry techniques, such as CRP and TLS, are among the most widely used methodologies to monitor historic and heritage buildings. Thanks to their high productivity over a short time period, they are capable of offering high-resolution 3D models [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. This digital documentation provides the basis for the management and maintenance of monumental structures over time and provides information that is suitable for reaching different targets, as well as providing useful data for the different branches of applied research [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 3D data volume can be produced for each investigated physical parameter, and their integrated interpretation represents the final step of the different independent processes. In this way, the final high-resolution 3D models produced can provide complete 3D mapping of the studied artifacts, which is useful for conservation and restoration [ 2 , 3 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TLS is a contactless, active, proximal sensing technique in which a laser beam in the 1–1.5 nm frequency (mainly in the near-infrared band) is deflected over a calibrated angular grid, providing automatic coverage of the surfaces of the targeted studied objects, in a field of view that can be suitably adjusted by the operators [ 3 , 14 , 17 ]. The modern TLSs used in architecture are mainly phase-shift scanners that can acquire millions of pixels per second over a range of distances, generally between 80 and 350 m, and over a field of view of between 320 and 360 degrees [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Diagnostic Process of an Ancient Colonnade Using 3D High-Resolution Models with Non-Invasive Multi Techniques

Casula

Fais

Cuccuru

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Here, an avant-garde study of three ancient Doric columns of the precious, ancient Romanesque church of Saints Lorenzo and Pancrazio in the historical town center of Cagliari (Italy) is presented based on the integrated application of different non-destructive testing methods. The limitations of each methodology are overcome by the synergistic application of these methods, affording an accurate, complete 3D image of the studied elements. Our procedure begins with a macroscopic in situ analysis to provide a preliminary diagnosis of the conditions of the building materials. The next step is laboratory tests, in which the porosity and other textural characteristics of the carbonate building materials are studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. After this, a survey with a terrestrial laser scanner and close-range photogrammetry is planned and executed to produce accurate high-resolution 3D digital models of the entire church and the ancient columns inside. This was the main objective of this study. The high-resolution 3D models allowed us to identify architectural complications occurring in historical buildings. The 3D reconstruction with the above metric techniques was indispensable for planning and carrying out the 3D ultrasonic tomography, which played an important role in detecting defects, voids, and flaws within the body of the studied columns by analyzing the propagation of the ultrasonic waves. The high-resolution 3D multiparametric models allowed us to obtain an extremely accurate picture of the conservation state of the studied columns in order to locate and characterize both shallow and internal defects in the building materials. This integrated procedure can aid in the control of the spatial and temporal variations in the materials’ properties and provides information on the process of deterioration in order to allow adequate restoration solutions to be developed and the structural health of the artefact to be monitored.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Diagnostic Process of an Ancient Colonnade Using 3D High-Resolution Models with Non-Invasive Multi Techniques

Casula

Fais

Cuccuru

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Condition Assessment of Heritage Buildings via Photogrammetry: A Scoping Review from the Perspective of Decision Makers

De Fino,

Galantucci,

Fatiguso

2023

Heritage

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In recent years, advanced digital technologies have driven an outstanding paradigm shift in the field of architectural heritage, particularly for building modelling, historical documentation and touristic promotion. Nonetheless, they show great potentialities in the field of assessment and control of the state of conservation of heritage buildings. In particular, close-range and aerial photogrammetry have increasingly relied on low-cost and user-friendly tools and procedures, with a high degree of automation that makes them accessible to specialists who are foremost involved in architectural diagnosis and conservation, rather than in remote sensing sciences. In this framework, this paper provides a scoping review of 117 publications, based on the PRISMA protocol, from Scopus and Web of Science databases, related to the employment of photogrammetric models and methods, with specific focus on the targets and purposes of the diagnostic process, including decay mapping, structural monitoring and modelling, non-destructive investigation and multi-source documentation. In detail, the results point out that current studies mainly support robust processing of large amounts of information from direct observation of surface alterations, systematic correlation between materials, construction characteristics, visible anomalies and experimental measurements, as well as multi-disciplinary collaborative workflows through remote inspection and harmonized data management. Further improvements were identified, including standardization of acquisition procedures, automatization of elaboration pipelines, integration of real-time data, validation of diagnosis decision-making support tools and scalability to networks of assets.

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Internal Tree Trunk Decay Detection Using Close-Range Remote Sensing Data and the PointNet Deep Learning Method

Hrdina,

Surový

2023

Remote Sensing

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The health and stability of trees are essential information for the safety of people and property in urban greenery, parks or along roads. The stability of the trees is linked to root stability but essentially also to trunk decay. Currently used internal tree stem decay assessment methods, such as tomography and penetrometry, are reliable but usually time-consuming and unsuitable for large-scale surveys. Therefore, a new method based on close-range remotely sensed data, specifically close-range photogrammetry and iPhone LiDAR, was tested to detect decayed standing tree trunks automatically. The proposed study used the PointNet deep learning algorithm for 3D data classification. It was verified in three different datasets consisting of pure coniferous trees, pure deciduous trees, and mixed data to eliminate the influence of the detectable symptoms for each group and species itself. The mean achieved validation accuracies of the models were 65.5% for Coniferous trees, 58.4% for Deciduous trees and 57.7% for Mixed data classification. The accuracies indicate promising data, which can be either used by practitioners for preliminary surveys or for other researchers to acquire more input data and create more robust classification models.

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Decay Detection in an Ancient Column with Combined Close-Range Photogrammetry (CRP) and Ultrasonic Tomography

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Diagnostic Process of an Ancient Colonnade Using 3D High-Resolution Models with Non-Invasive Multi Techniques

Diagnostic Process of an Ancient Colonnade Using 3D High-Resolution Models with Non-Invasive Multi Techniques

Condition Assessment of Heritage Buildings via Photogrammetry: A Scoping Review from the Perspective of Decision Makers

Internal Tree Trunk Decay Detection Using Close-Range Remote Sensing Data and the PointNet Deep Learning Method

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