“…The reasons for this failure to respond to inhaled bronchodilators have not hitherto been clarified. In severe asthma, not only is bronchial smooth muscle constriction present, but also mucosal thickening, bronchial wall oedema, and mucus plugging play a major part in causing airways obstruction (Williams and Leopold, 1959). This mechanism of bronchial narrowing would not be expected to respond to bronchodilators and moreover might be expected to prevent the access of inhaled drugs.…”