De novo in vitro shoot morphogenesis from shoot tip-induced callus cultures of Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm

Abstract

BackgroundGymnema sylvestre is a medicinal woody perennial vine known for its sweetening properties and anti-diabetic therapeutic uses in the modern and traditional medicines. Its over-exploitation for the therapeutic uses and to meet the demand of pharmaceutical industry in raw materials supply for the production of anti-diabetic drugs has led to considerable decline in its natural population.ResultsAn efficient system of shoot bud sprouting from nodal segment explants and indirect plant regeneration from apical meristem-induced callus cultures of G. sylvestre have been developed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium amended with concentrations of cytokinins. Of the three growth regulators tested, N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was the most efficient and 2.0 mg L−1 gave the best shoot formation efficiency. This was followed by thidiazuron (TDZ) and kinetin (Kin) but, most of the TDZ-induced micro shoots showed stunted growth. Multiple shoot formation was observed on medium amended with BAP or TDZ at higher concentrations. The produced micro shoots were rooted on half strength MS medium amended with auxins and rooted plantlets acclimatized with 87% survival of the regenerates.ConclusionsThe developed regeneration system can be exploited for genetic transformation studies, particularly when aimed at producing its high yielding cell lines for the anti-diabetic phytochemicals. It also offers opportunities for exploring the expression of totipotency in the anti-diabetic perennial vine.

A Protocol for Rapid Clonal Propagation and Microrhizome Production of Curcuma caesia Roxb. (Zingiberaceae): A Critically Endangerd Medicinal Plant of North East India

“…(Balachandran et al, 1990). The synergistic effect of higher (Isah, 2019). The effect of 1.0 mgl -1 BAP with 0.25 mgl -1 2, 4-D on adventitious shoot proliferation was observed in C. caesia (Table 1).…”

Efficient conditions for in vitro establishment and regeneration of disease-free Ugandan farmer-preferred cassava genotypes

“…The growth of plants in vitro is influenced by factors such as physiological state of the explant, the genotype, the health status of the plant and the culture media. The health status is a very crucial indicator as to how the plant responds in vitro (Isah, 2015(Isah, , 2019. The results indicate that all the genotypes tested for the presence and absence of the cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) were negative indicating that the pre-basic planting materials were free from viruses, therefore certified as healthy.…”

“…The response of the explant used in vitro is dependent on its physiological state, the genotype, the culture media and the health status of the explant (Isah, 2019). The medium is critical because it provides the appropriate nutrients that facilitate growth of the plant.…”

“…Growth of the explants can be measured by using parameters such as number of leaves and roots because they act as reliable indicators for photosynthetic activity and the support system of the plant respectively. The number of nodes can be used to ascertain the number of plants that can be obtained, therefore facilitating the multiplication of plants all year round (Isah, 2019).…”

Effect of Subculture Frequency Toward Growth And Carotenoid Content from Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill.) Callus

“…During the initial development, the white callus then turned yellowish and at the end of the observation, the green color appeared in certain parts. According to Isah (2019), the formation of green parts in the callus is the beginning of morphogenesis, this is in line with the formation of shoots. Nurchayati et al (2018) previously reported that the combination of BAP 6x10 -6 M with NAA 10 -5 M produces compact green Datura metel L. callus with meristemoid tissue on part of the surface.…”