Dark Matter Constraints and the Neutralino Sector of the scNMSSM

Abstract

The neutralino sector of the semi-constrained next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model is explored under recent experimental constraints, with special attention to dark matter (DM) limits. The effects of the upper and lower bounds of dark matter relic density and recent direct detection constraints on spin-independent and -dependent cross-sections are thoroughly analyzed. Particularly, we show which regions of the parameter space are ruled out due to the different dark matter constraints and the corresponding model-specific parameters: λ,κ,Aλ, and Aκ. We analyze all annihilation and co-annihilation processes (with heavier neutralinos and charginos) that contribute to the dark matter relic density. The mass components of the dark matter candidate, the lightest neutralino χ˜10, are studied, and the decays of heavy neutralinos and charginos, especially χ˜20 and χ˜1+, into the lightest neutralino are examined. We impose semi-universal boundary conditions at the Grand Unified Theory scale, and require a moderate range of tanβ≲10. We find that the allowed parameter space is associated with a heavy mass spectrum in general and that the lightest neutralino is mostly Higgsino with a mass range that resides mostly between 1000 and 1500 GeV. However, smaller mass values can be achieved if the DM candidate is bino-like or singlino-like.

Formation Charginos and Dark matter from electron- positron annihilation

“…Through the Z boson, the heavier neutalino decays to a lighter neutralino, and through the W boson, it decays to a light chargino [15]. The lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) which is stable when R-parity conserved [16], and consider the basic of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) which makes up the universe's cold dark matter…”

Investigation of production of neutral Higgs boson and two charged charginos from electron-positron annihilation via different propagators

“…Chargino are composed of Winos (𝑊 + , 𝑊 − ) and Higgsinos (𝐻 + , 𝐻 − ) [17,18]. In nature, neutralino dark matter is experimentally investigated indirect through the use of γ ray and neutrino telescopes or directly through the utilizing laboratory experiment like those of Cryogenic dark matter search (CDMS) [19,20].…”

LHC Signals of the Next-to-Lightest Scalar Higgs State of the NMSSM in the 4 τ Decay Channel

“…To know the effects of these constraints on the NMSSM parameter space, see, for example, Ref. [62] and references therein.…”