Damaging Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Cornea

Delic, Naomi C.; Lyons, J. Guy; Girolamo, Nick Di; Halliday, Gary M.

doi:10.1111/php.12686

Cited by 74 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…Because cis-UCA can inhibit the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 along with its cytoprotective and therapeutic effects, it may well find extensive applications in several pathological conditions (e.g., pterygium, photokeratitis, CDK, and ocular surface squamous neoplasia where UV-B causes cell damage and inflammation). 3,4…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-B-Induced Inflammasome Activation Can Be Prevented by Cis-Urocanic Acid in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

Korhonen

Bisevac

Hyttinen

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. The cornea is continually exposed to highly energetic solar UV-B (280-320 nm). Our aim was to investigate whether UV-B triggers the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and the production of IL-1β and/or IL-18 in human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. Additionally, we studied the capability of cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA) to prevent inflammasome activation or alleviate inflammation through other signaling pathways. METHODS. HCE-2 cell line and primary HCE cells were primed using lipopolysaccharide or TNF-α. Thereafter, cells were exposed to UV-B before or after the addition of cis-UCA or caspase-1 inhibitor. Caspase-1 activity was measured from cell lysates by an enzymatic assay. IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, IL-8, and NLRP3 levels were detected using the ELISA method from cell culture media. Additionally, intracellular NLRP3 levels were determined by the Western blot technique, and cytotoxicity was measured by the LDH assay. RESULTS. UV-B exposure significantly increased caspase-1 activity in TNF-α-primed HCE cells. This result was consistent with the concurrently induced IL-1β secretion. Both caspase-1 activity and release of IL-1β were reduced by cis-UCA. Additionally, UV-B stimulated the caspase-1-independent production of IL-18, an effect also reduced by cis-UCA. Cis-UCA decreased the release of IL-6, IL-8, and LDH in a time-dependent manner when administered to HCE-2 cells after UV-B exposure. CONCLUSIONS. Our findings demonstrate that UV-B activates inflammasomes in HCE cells. Cis-UCA can prevent the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 and therapeutically reduces the levels of IL-6, IL-8, and LDH in UV-B-stressed HCE cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UV-B-Induced Inflammasome Activation Can Be Prevented by Cis-Urocanic Acid in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

Korhonen

Bisevac

Hyttinen

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…The choice of this animal model is based on the statement that rabbit eye is relatively large, consequently it has been proved useful for the assessment of both new technologies and ophthalmic surgical procedures in ophthalmic scientific research [47]. Morphologically, the rabbit cornea is very similar to that of humans [48,49]. However, in our unpublished data (Bartollino et al, 2019), the ophthalmic antioxidant and shielding preparation, consisted of riboflavin, d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) vitamin E, solution, (Iromed Group S.r.l., Rome, Italy, patent no.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal UV Protective Effects Of A Topical Antioxidant Formulation: A Pilot Study On In Vivo Rabbits

Bartollino

Vizzarri

Palazzo

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background The purpose of this study has been to evaluate the protective effect of a topical antioxidant and UV schielding action formulation containing riboflavin, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol (TPGS vitamin E), against corneal UV-induced damage in vivo rabbit eyes. Methods For the evaluation, in vivo experiments were performed using twelve male albino rabbits. Animals were divided into 4 groups of 3 animals each: control group (CG) didn’t receive any UV irradiation; the first group (IG) was irradiated with an UV-B - UV-A lamp for 30 min; the second (IG30) and the third (IG60) groups received UV irradiation for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, and were topically treated with 1 drop (approximately 50 µl) of the antioxidant and shielding formulation every 15 minutes, starting one hour before irradiation, until the end of UV exposure. Results The cornea of IG group showed irregular thickening, detachment of residual fragments of the Descemet membrane, stromal fluid swelling with consequent collagen fibers disorganization and disruption, and inflammation. The cornea of G30 group showed edema, a mild thickening of Descemet membrane without fibrillar collagen disruption and focal discoloration, nor inflammation. In the G60 group cornea showed a more severe thickening of the cornea, a more abundant fluid accumulation underneath the Descemet membrane, with focal detachment of the same, and no signs of severe tissue alterations, as those recorded in the IG group. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that a topical application of eye drops containing riboflavin, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol (TPGS vitamin E) counteracts UV corneal injury in exposed rabbits.

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“…Cornea protects the eye from the UV rays. The UV rays can penetrate the full thickness of the cornea and reach to the lens and damage the eye which causes vision loss or blindness [50]. Corneal epithelium covers eye its high accessibility for stem cells make an excellent model.…”

Section: Corneamentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring Vision by Regenerative Medicine Using Stem Cell: A Review

Rk¹,

Ibrahim²,

Shafiq³

et al. 2018

J Biomol Res Ther

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Restoring vision is the most important center of attention of our research program, On the other hand, to attain our objective and convey the preeminent eminence of stem cell therapy; we have to understand the fundamental biology of stem cells. (RPE) Retinal Pigmented epithelium layer degenerates and contributing to a succession of actions resulting in visual impairments. Regenerative medicine holds promise for the spanning almost for all body system and the eye is an ideal organ to use in research because it is the only part of nervous system that is the visible and easily accessible. This review outlines advances in therapy and the main spotlight for the improvement and advance of cell therapies that are being confronted today.

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Damaging Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Cornea

Cited by 74 publications

References 81 publications

UV-B-Induced Inflammasome Activation Can Be Prevented by Cis-Urocanic Acid in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

UV-B-Induced Inflammasome Activation Can Be Prevented by Cis-Urocanic Acid in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells

Corneal UV Protective Effects Of A Topical Antioxidant Formulation: A Pilot Study On In Vivo Rabbits

Restoring Vision by Regenerative Medicine Using Stem Cell: A Review

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