Dallas: A Case Study in Skyway Economics

Dillon, David

doi:10.2307/4091137

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…(2) a liking for indoor pedestrian environments; and (3) familiarity with the underground network (Corbett 2009;Dillon 1985;Robertson 1993aRobertson , 1993bWang and Liang 2010). However, these reasons were seldom nominated by the respondents in Shanghai's UPS.…”

Section: Transportation Modes and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of Pedestrian Trip Behaviour in Underground Pedestrian Systems

Cui

Allan

Taylor

et al. 2014

International Planning Studies

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Underground pedestrian systems (UPS) that provide alternative walking options for pedestrians have been implemented in a considerable number of cities across the world. These systems were found to have markedly improved the convenience and ease of city life in terms of transport, economic activities, and social activities because they appear to be used throughout the day by a large number of pedestrians with different purposes. China has seen continuous UPS development over the past 30 years. However, as a relatively new form of pedestrian systems, usage patterns of UPS remain largely unexplored. In this research, surveys of pedestrians' trip behaviour related to UPS usage in Shanghai were conducted. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analysed. The research indicates that there are a diversity of users of UPS in terms of gender, age, education level, employment status and occupation, and personal income. Shopping and employment were two main reasons why respondents used the UPS. Subways and commerce are two vital factors related to UPS usage. These factors provide a functional basis for the UPS, and the UPS in turn creates both a catalytic and synergistic relationship that reinforces the performance of these factors.

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Section: Transportation Modes and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Examination of Pedestrian Trip Behaviour in Underground Pedestrian Systems

Cui

Allan

Taylor

et al. 2014

International Planning Studies

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“…For example, in Dallas, because the city lacked sufficient population density in its downtown to support activity both above and below ground levels, the highly functional UPS system channelled people underground, leaving the primary activity at street level to be vehicular travel (Terranova, 2009). A similar argument about the relationship between population density and development on multiple levels was also proposed by Dillon (1985), who argued that with regard to the issue of the negative impact of a GSPS on street life, it was largely dependent on the city. Dillon used the IDS Center in Minneapolis as an example of how a pedestrian flow of 4000 people per hour can easily support active development on two levels.…”

Section: Negative Impacts Of Grade Separation Pedestrian Systems On Smentioning

confidence: 89%

“…There are varied reasons for the development, implementation and growth of GSPS. The influence of transport considerations was highlighted in previous research into the evolvement of GSPS, including minimising car-pedestrian conflicts, decreasing traffic congestion, facilitating walking, reducing car transport, enhancing public transport and integrating with subway transport (Bhalla and Pant, 1985;Dillon, 1985;Robertson, 1987a, b;Boisvert, 2007;Wang and Liang, 2010;Cui et al, 2013a, b). Meanwhile, also mentioned in the literature are other drivers of the urban environment and the development rationale of GSPS, namely, climate, economy and social considerations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…congestion as the dominant driver. 1 The development of GSPS was thus a response to the need to rebuild the shopping environments of city centres, to help increase property values and to create savings in public financial support (Dillon, 1985;Fruin, 1987;Gosling, 1992;Robertson, 1993a, b;Corbett, 2009;Cui et al, 2013b). Recently, with rapid urban growth and sustainable urban development as global agendas, social considerations, such as solving land shortage problems and building high density city centres, are highlighted in the literature in relation to the motivating factors that trigger UPS development (Sterling, 1996;Ronka et al, 1998;Sakakura et al, 2007;Wan, 2007;Wang and Liang, 2010;El-Geneidy et al, 2011;Cui et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing grade separation pedestrian systems: Planning, design and operation

2015

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Grade separation pedestrian systems (GSPS), including skywalk systems and underground pedestrian systems (UPS), have been an emerging phenomenon in the city centres of megacities since early last century.Despite the examples of many successful GSPS in operation around the world, the application and performance of GSPS are not yet well understood by local authorities. This review discusses the functionality of GSPS through an examination of the performance of GSPS in terms of opening hours, facilities for vulnerable populations, signage systems, spatial structure, arrangement of entrances/exits, transportation, safety issues, comfort and amenities. Issues that have emerged from previous discussions in relation to their negative impacts on street life, social inequality of their usage and the privatisation of public spaces of GSPS are also discussed. The review concludes that GSPS have a diversity of functionality in varied urban settings. It also reveals shortcomings in the performance of GSPS. The literature review suggests research aspects that need to be updated, including the lack of empirically based studies, particularly studies from the perspective of the pedestrians using the systems, and a lack of investigation of the functionality of GSPS in cities other than North American cities, in particular, cities with UPS in developing countries.

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“…UPS strategy obtained great success in a number of cities by satisfying varied needs in different urban settings such as Montreal and Toronto with their cold winters and Hong Kong and Tokyo with their high ur-ban densities. The initial rationale in developing grade separation pedestrian systems was identified as providing protection for pedestrians in central urban locations from severe weather conditions (Belanger 2007;Robertson 1993aRobertson , 1993bTerranova 2009;Warkentin, Vachon 2009), easing traffic congestion related to vehicle-pedestrian conflicts and improving pedestrian accessibility and safety (Bhalla, Pant 1985;Corbett et al 2009;Dillon 1985;Wang, Liang 2010), and promoting transit, particularly in subway metros (Boisvert 2007;Dillon 1985;Robertson 1987b). After decades of development, the potential of grade separation pedestrian systems in stimulating economic development has become the dominant reason for investing in UPS.…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Shanghai Underground Pedestrian System Under Urbanization: Mobility, Functionality and Equity

Cui

Allan

Taylor

et al. 2013

Journal of Architecture and Urbanism

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Shanghai is being transformed through a process of rapid urbanization. Urbanization has the effects of increasing urban population and the income levels of residents as well as changing the structure of transportation. Under the background, from the 1980s, Shanghai has increasingly built and extended underground pedestrian systems (UPS) within central areas to complement pedestrian networks. UPS have significantly affected urban life in Shanghai under the decades of development but to date, research on UPS usage and perceptions of UPS users has been lacking. This research conducted an on-the-spot survey in Shanghai's UPS in People's Square, Jing'an Temple and Xujiahui areas. Investigation through observation, face to face questionnaires and interviews generated qualitative and quantitative findings on the usage characteristics and perceptions of UPS users. The discussion focused on social usage and equity and the functionality of UPS. It revealed defects in the design and management of Shanghai's UPS, including deficiencies with regard to consideration of the elderly, disabled groups, management of homeless people, the range of merchandise categories and orientation (i.e. way-finding) systems. This research is a significant contribution to enriching knowledge and providing insights into the performance of UPS in a developing country under rapid urbanization.

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Dallas: A Case Study in Skyway Economics

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

An Examination of Pedestrian Trip Behaviour in Underground Pedestrian Systems

An Examination of Pedestrian Trip Behaviour in Underground Pedestrian Systems

Assessing grade separation pedestrian systems: Planning, design and operation

Developing Shanghai Underground Pedestrian System Under Urbanization: Mobility, Functionality and Equity

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