2004
DOI: 10.1021/es049585d
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Abstract: A suite of androgens, estrogens, and progestins were measured in samples from dairy farms, aquaculture facilities, and surface waters with actively spawning fish using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/ MS) to assess the potential importance of these sources of steroid hormones to surface waters. In a dairywaste lagoon, the endogenous estrogens 17beta-estradiol and estrone and the androgens testosterone and androstenedione were detected at concentrations as high as 650 ng/L. Samples from nearb… Show more

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Cited by 260 publications
(169 citation statements)
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References 44 publications
(76 reference statements)
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“…Two other veterinary antibiotics reported in groundwater include monensin and tylosin (Watanabe et al, 2008; Bartel-Hunt et al., 2011). Waste lagoons are also potential sources of hormones and steroids, however, these appear to be largely attenuated in groundwater conditions (Kolodziej et al, 2004). While the practice of meat production on CAFOs is perhaps more prevalent in the USA compared to Europe, there has been a significant concentration of animal production in Europe over recent decades (Thorne, 2007), and this continues to pose a potential threat to groundwater resources.…”
Section: Veterinary Medicinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Two other veterinary antibiotics reported in groundwater include monensin and tylosin (Watanabe et al, 2008; Bartel-Hunt et al., 2011). Waste lagoons are also potential sources of hormones and steroids, however, these appear to be largely attenuated in groundwater conditions (Kolodziej et al, 2004). While the practice of meat production on CAFOs is perhaps more prevalent in the USA compared to Europe, there has been a significant concentration of animal production in Europe over recent decades (Thorne, 2007), and this continues to pose a potential threat to groundwater resources.…”
Section: Veterinary Medicinesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A significant proportion of the antibiotic given (and degradates) passes through the livestock and is excreted and stored in waste lagoons and so poses a potential threat to groundwater sources through leakage from the lagoons or when the waste is spread on the land. In dairy waste lagoons, the endogenous oestrogens E2 and oestrone and the androgens testosterone and androstenedione have been detected at concentrations as high as 650 ng/L (Kolodziej et al, 2004).…”
Section: Point Sourcesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The use of veterinary antibiotics in concentrated animal feeding operations is an important source of environmental contamination in the USA and parts of Europe and Asia (BarteltHunt et al, 2010). Veterinary antibiotics have been investigated in various environmental compartments including waste lagoons, groundwater below lagoons, as well as shallow groundwater from areas where animal waste had been applied to fields (Bartelt-Hunt et al, 2010;Hu et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2011;Kolodziej et al, 2004;Sarmah et al, 2006;Watanabe et al, 2010;Watanabe et al, 2008).…”
Section: Source Termsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Veterinary antibiotics have been investigated in waste lagoons, groundwater below lagoons, as well as shallow groundwater from areas where animal waste had been applied to fields [97][98][137][138][139][140][141].…”
Section: Point Source Termsmentioning
confidence: 99%