Dairy intake in relation to prostate cancer survival

Downer, Mary K.; Batista, Julie L.; Mucci, Lorelei A.; Stampfer, Meir J.; Epstein, Mara M.; Håkansson, Niclas; Wolk, Alicja; Johansson, Jan‐Erik; Andrén, Ove; Fall, Katja; Andersson, Sven‐Olof

doi:10.1002/ijc.30642

Cited by 32 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our study reflects the results of Pettersson et al and Downer et al and takes the next step to identify a particularly susceptible subgroup. We observed a statistically significant interaction between whole milk consumption and BMI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Limited reported consumption of whole milk in the study population prevented the investigators from examining whole milk consumption and prostate cancer‐related death. Recent findings from Downer et al in a Swedish cohort found that men with localized prostate cancer who had the greatest high‐fat milk intake (≥3 servings/day) had a 6.1‐fold increased risk of prostate cancer‐related mortality relative to men consuming <1 serving/day (HR: 6.10; 95%CI: 2.14, 17.37; P ‐trend = 0.004). When men with advanced prostate cancer were included, increased high‐fat milk intake (≥4.5 servings/day) did not result in a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer‐related mortality relative to men consuming <1 serving per day (HR: 1.20; 95%CI: 0.69, 2.09; P < 0.09) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 Our group also reported that among the 926 men in the Physicians' Health Study, those who consumed ≥3 servings per day of dairy products after prostate cancer diagnosis had a 2.4-fold increased risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality compared to men having <1 serving per day. 19 Furthermore, a recent Swedish study by Downer et al 20 observed that in 230 men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer, men drinking ≥3 servings per day of high-fat milk had a 6.1-fold increased of prostate-cancer mortality compared to men consuming <1 serving per day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Milk and other dairy foods in relation to prostate cancer recurrence: Data from the cancer of the prostate strategic urologic research endeavor (CaPSURE™)

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background High‐fat dairy, particularly whole milk, in healthy men may increase risk of aggressive prostate cancer. However, data are limited regarding dairy after prostate cancer diagnosis. Method We conducted a prospective study among 1334 men with non‐metastatic prostate cancer in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor. Men answered a food frequency questionnaire in 2004‐2005 (median 2 years after diagnosis) and were followed until 2016 for recurrence, defined as: prostate cancer death, bone metastases, biochemical recurrence, or secondary treatment. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between whole and low‐fat milk; total, high‐fat, and low‐fat dairy; and other dairy items and risk of recurrence. Results During a median follow‐up of 8 years, we observed 137 events. Men who consumed >4 servings/week versus 0‐3 servings/month of whole milk had an 73% increased risk of recurrence (HR: 1.73; 95%CI: 1.00, 2.98; P‐value = 0.04). Body mass index (BMI) modified the association (P‐interaction = 0.01). Among men with a BMI ≥27 kg/m2, >4 servings/week versus 0‐3 servings/month of whole milk was associated with a 3‐fold higher risk of recurrence (HR: 2.96; 95%CI: 1.58, 5.54; P‐value < 0.001). No association was seen in men with BMI <27 kg/m2. Low‐fat milk and other dairy foods were not associated with recurrence. Conclusion In conclusion, whole milk consumption after prostate cancer diagnosis was associated with increased risk of recurrence, particularly among very overweight or obese men. Men with prostate cancer who choose to drink milk should select non‐fat or low‐fat options.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Milk and other dairy foods in relation to prostate cancer recurrence: Data from the cancer of the prostate strategic urologic research endeavor (CaPSURE™)

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dear Editor, I have recently read with interest the article entitled "Dairy intake in relation to prostate cancer survival." by Downer et al 1 that examined the effect of dairy nutrient intake on prostate cancer progression in 525 patients with high dairy consumption. The authors confirmed 222 deaths with prostate cancer-specific and 268 deaths by other causes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy intake and prostate cancer survival

Kawada

2017

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dear Editor, I have recently read with interest the article entitled "Dairy intake in relation to prostate cancer survival." by Downer et al.1 that examined the effect of dairy nutrient intake on prostate cancer progression in 525 patients with high dairy consumption. The authors confirmed 222 deaths with prostate cancer-specific and 268 deaths by other causes. Adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of high-fat milk intake for prostate cancer-specific death in 230 patients with localized stage at diagnosis was 4.86 (1.52-15.57). However, the significance of adjusted HR disappeared, when vitamin D was included for the adjustment. In contrast, adjusted HR (95% CI) of low-fat milk intake for prostate cancer-specific death in 295 patients with advanced stage at diagnosis was 1.93 (1.06-3.50) when vitamin D was included for the adjustment. Furthermore, HR (95% CI) of relatively higher amount of high-fat milk versus low-fat milk intake for prostate cancerspecific death in 230 patients with localized stage at diagnosis was 3.28 (1.16-9.30). I have some concerns about their study. First, the authors presented some speculations about the mechanism of the effect of high-fat milk intake on promoting prostate cancer progression, although there is a difficulty of confirming it. I understand that the risk of dairy intake on incident prostate cancer and prostate cancer mortality after incidence should be separated. About incident studies, Aune et al.2 conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies on intakes of dairy products and calcium for prostate cancer risk. Pooled HRs (95% CIs) of intakes of total dairy products, total milk, low-fat milk, cheese and dietary calcium for prostate cancer risk were 1.07 (1.02-1.12), 1.03 (1.00-1.07), 1.06 (1.01-1.11), 1.09 (1.02-1.18) and 1.05 (1.02-1.09), respectively. By considering the positive association between intakes of dairy products and incident prostate cancer by a metaanalysis, I strongly recommend a meta-analysis on the causal association between dairy intake and prostate cancer survival as a further study.Second, I have a query on the censored cases of 268 deaths by other causes of prostate cancer. The significance of HR changes by different models of adjustment and wide range of 95% CI on significant HR was observed. Taken together, stable estimates of HR with a sufficient number of events are needed to confirm the association.Finally, health promotion act on nutrients in patients with prostate cancer should be considered. Although there had been inconsistent results by meta-analysis on the association between intakes of dairy products and prostate cancer risk.3,4 Aune et al.2 updated the relationship. Nevertheless, established recommendation for the intakes of dairy products in patients with different stages of prostate cancer has not confirmed yet. Anyway, further studies are needed to confirm the causal association. Conflict of InterestThe author declares no conflict of interest.

show abstract

“…Lifestyle factors, such as a high‐fat diet (HFD), have been shown to play a crucial role in increasing the risk of different cancer types, and a number of clinical studies have linked HFD with several advanced cancers. A study on a large cohort of European women linked a diet rich in saturated fat to increased risk of developing estrogen‐ and progesterone‐receptor‐positive breast cancer (Sieri et al , ), while progression of localized prostate cancer was promoted by an intake of high‐fat dairy produce, with increased cancer‐related mortality (Downer et al , ). Preclinical studies also provide support for the hypothesis linking HFD to cancer progression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%