Daily Apple versus Dried Plum: Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women

Chai, Sheau C.; Hooshmand, Shirin; Saadat, Raz L; Payton, Mark E.; Brummel‐Smith, Kenneth; Arjmandi, Bahram H.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2012.05.005

Cited by 88 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Chai et al [46] have studied the effect of ingestion of dried apple (75 g/day) in one-hundred sixty postmenopausal women compared with a control group whose diet was supplemented with dried plum (comparative control) [46]. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months to measure various parameters.…”

Section: Lipids and Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, CRP has been identified as a major contributor and predictor of the development of atherosclerosis, CVD complications, and diabetes [57]. Chai et al demonstrated a decrease of serum CRP levels by 22% in a group of women supplemented with dried apple for 6 months and the level of serum CRP further decreased by 32% after 12 months [46].…”

Section: Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The up regulation of these enzymes suggested that regular apple consumption might promote a favorable milieu to reduce oxidation. More recently Chai et al [46] demonstrated that intake of dried apple (75 g/day) for 12 months was able to decrease levels of serum lipid hydroperoxides.…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apple as a Source of Dietary Phytonutrients: Bioavailability and Evidence of Protective Effects against Human Cardiovascular Disease

Ferretti¹,

Turco²,

Bacchetti³

2014

FNS

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Section: Lipids and Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inflammatory Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apple as a Source of Dietary Phytonutrients: Bioavailability and Evidence of Protective Effects against Human Cardiovascular Disease

Ferretti¹,

Turco²,

Bacchetti³

2014

FNS

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“…Oligogalacturonans are mainly present in smooth pectin regions of the apple cell wall matrix. Apple consumption reportedly has beneficial effects on lipid metabolism 36 and vascular function, 37 and it has been suggested that these beneficial effects are related (at least in part) to the presence of flavonoids. 38 Our results suggest that the effects on vascular function may be because of the presence of pectin and open up new research opportunities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligogalacturonic Acid Inhibits Vascular Calcification by Two Mechanisms

Hodroge

Trecherel

Cornu

et al. 2017

ATVB

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Objective— Cardiovascular diseases constitute the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Calcification of the vessel wall is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients having many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and chronic kidney disease. Vascular calcification is actively regulated by inductive and inhibitory mechanisms (including vascular smooth muscle cell adaptation) and results from an active osteogenic process. During the calcification process, extracellular vesicles (also known as matrix vesicles) released by vascular smooth muscle cells interact with type I collagen and then act as nucleating foci for calcium crystallization. Our primary objective was to identify new, natural molecules that inhibit the vascular calcification process. Approach and Results— We have found that oligogalacturonic acids (obtained by the acid hydrolysis of polygalacturonic acid) reduce in vitro inorganic phosphate–induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by 80% and inorganic phosphate–induced calcification of isolated rat aortic rings by 50%. A specific oligogalacturonic acid with a degree of polymerization of 8 (DP8) was found to inhibit the expression of osteogenic markers and, thus, prevent the conversion of vascular smooth muscle cells into osteoblast-like cells. We also evidenced in biochemical and immunofluorescence assays a direct interaction between matrix vesicles and type I collagen via the GFOGER sequence (where single letter amino acid nomenclature is used, O=hydroxyproline) thought to be involved in interactions with several pairs of integrins. Conclusions— DP8 inhibits vascular calcification development mainly by inhibition of osteogenic marker expression but also partly by masking the GFOGER sequence—thereby, preventing matrix vesicles from binding to type I collagen.

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“…It has been revealed that apple extracts, such as polyphenols and polysaccharides, are beneficial to human health and have a potential of preventing cardiovascular diseases (Chai et al, 2012). Apple juice is one of the most popular soft drinks in the world made by maceration and pressing of apple fruits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization, antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from pre-pressing separationFujiapple peel

Sun

Meng

Sun

et al. 2017

CyTA - Journal of Food

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Characterization, antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from prepressing separation apple (Fuji) peel pomace were investigated in this study. Gel permeation chromatography indicated that apple peel polysaccharides (APPs) were a kind of heteropolysaccharides composed of three fractions with homogenous polarity. Both GC-MS and HPLC analysis showed that arabinose, galactose and galacturonic acid were the main monosaccharides in APP. In vitro antioxidant activities of APP were characterized. Furthermore, administration of APP (450 mg/ kg bw) in mice significantly decreased the CCl 4 -induced elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase, asparate aminotransferase and lactic dehydrogenase activities, and hepatic malondialdehyde level and inhibited the decreases in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities caused by CCl 4 . Histopathological observation further confirmed that APP could protect the liver tissues from CCl 4 -induced histological alternation. These findings indicate that APP has the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials and provide a scientific basis for comprehensive utilization of pre-pressing separation apple peel pomace.Caracterización, actividad antioxidante y efectos hepatoprotectores de polisacáridos de la separación de la pela de manzana Fuji previamente prensada RESUMEN En este estudio se investigaron la caracterización, la actividad antioxidante y los efectos hepatoprotectores de los polisacáridos de la separación del orujo de pela de manzana (Fuji) previamente prensado. La cromatografía de permeación en gel indicó que los polisacáridos de la pela de manzana (APP) eran un tipo de heteropolisacáridos compuestos de tres fracciones con polaridad homogénea. Los dos análisis GC-MS y HPLC mostraron que la arabinosa, la galactosa y el ácido galacturónico fueron los principales monosacáridos en APP. Se caracterizó la actividad antioxidante in vitro de APP. Además, la administración de APP (450 mg/kg bw) en ratones disminuyó significativamente las elevaciones inducidas con CCl 4 de la alanina aminotransferasa sérica, el aspartato aminotransferasa, la actividad lactato deshidrogenasa y el nivel hepático de malondialdehído, además inhibió la disminución de la actividad de superóxido dismutasa y glutatión peroxidasa causada por CCl 4 . Posteriormente la observación histopatológica confirmó que APP podría proteger los tejidos del hígado de la alternación histológica inducida con Cl 4 . Estos hallazgos indican que APP tiene potencial antioxidante y hepatoprotector, además proporciona una base científica para una utilización integral de la separación de orujo de pela de manzana previamente prensado. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Daily Apple versus Dried Plum: Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women

Cited by 88 publications

References 48 publications

Apple as a Source of Dietary Phytonutrients: Bioavailability and Evidence of Protective Effects against Human Cardiovascular Disease

Apple as a Source of Dietary Phytonutrients: Bioavailability and Evidence of Protective Effects against Human Cardiovascular Disease

Oligogalacturonic Acid Inhibits Vascular Calcification by Two Mechanisms

Characterization, antioxidant activities and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from pre-pressing separationFujiapple peel

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