Cytotoxicity of esthetic, metallic, and nickel-free orthodontic brackets: Cellular behavior and viability

Retamoso, Luciana Borges; Luz, Tatiana Blaya; Marinowic, Daniel Rodrigo; Menezes, Luciane Macedo de; Freitas, Maria Perpétua Mota; Oshima, Hugo Mitsuo Silva

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.02.025

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…8,9 Regarding esthetic appliances, it has been shown that monocrystalline ceramic brackets have a similar level of toxicity as the traditional metallic ones, 10,11 while polycrystalline brackets show a slightly lower percentage of cell viability; the highest cytotoxicity is expressed by polycarbonate brackets, likely as a result of the bisphenol-A release associated with these brackets. 11 On the other hand, there has been no extensive research examining the biocompatibility of esthetic orthodontic archwires with different surface treatments on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of esthetic archwires together with their uncoated metallic counterparts under in vitro conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro biocompatibility of nickel-titanium esthetic orthodontic archwires

Rongo

Valletta

Bucci

et al. 2016

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To investigate the cytotoxicity of nickel-titanium (NiTi) esthetic orthodontic archwires with different surface coatings. Materials and Methods: Three fully coated, tooth-colored NiTi wires (BioCosmetic, Titanol Cosmetic, EverWhite), two ion-implanted wires (TMA Purple, Sentalloy High Aesthetic), five uncoated NiTi wires (BioStarter, BioTorque, Titanol Superelastic, Memory Wire Superelastic, and Sentalloy), one b-titanium wire (TMA), and one stainless steel wire (Stainless Steel) were considered for this study. The wire samples were placed at 37uC in airtight test tubes containing Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (0.1 mg/mL) for 1, 7, 14, and 30 days. The cell viability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured with this medium was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Data were analyzed by a twoway analysis of variance (a 5 .05). Results: The highest cytotoxic effect was reached on day 30 for all samples. The archwires exhibited a cytotoxicity on HGFs ranging from "none" to "slight," with the exception of the BioTorque, which resulted in moderate cytotoxicity on day 30. Significant differences were found between esthetic archwires and their uncoated pairs only for BioCosmetic (P 5 .001) and EverWhite (P , .001). Conclusions: Under the experimental conditions, all of the NiTi esthetic archwires resulted in slight cytotoxicity, as did the respective uncoated wires. For this reason their clinical use may be considered to have similar risks to the uncoated archwires. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:789-795.)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro biocompatibility of nickel-titanium esthetic orthodontic archwires

Rongo

Valletta

Bucci

et al. 2016

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…Indeed, dental brackets made of polycarbonate may or may not be cytotoxic, apparently depending strongly on the brand of the product (Kloukos et al 2013; Pithon et al 2009; Retamoso et al 2012; Vitral et al 2010). We performed a study to assess any apparent cytotoxicity related to our 10-mL industrial-grade polycarbonate exposure vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Planktonic Escherichia coli by Focused 1-MHz Ultrasound Pulses with Shocks: Efficacy and Kinetics Upon Volume Scale-Up

Brayman

MacConaghy

Wang

et al. 2018

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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This study addresses inactivation of E. coli in either 5- or 10-mL volumes, which were 50- to 100-fold greater than used in an earlier study (Brayman et al. 2017). Cells were treated with 1-MHz pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound (10 cycles, 2-kHz repetition frequency, +65/−12.8 MPa focal pressures). The surviving fraction was assessed by coliform assay, and inactivation demonstrated curvilinear kinetics. The reduction of surviving fraction to 50% required 2.5 or 6 min in 5- or 10-mL samples, respectively. Exposure of 5 mL for 20 min reduced the surviving fraction to ~1%; a similar exposure of 10-mL samples reduced the surviving fraction to ~10%. Surviving cells from 5-min exposures appeared normal under light microscopy, with minimal debris; after 20 min, debris dominated. Transmission electron microscopy images of insonated samples showed some undamaged cells, a few damaged but largely intact cells and comminuted debris. Cellular damage associated with substantive but incomplete levels of inactivation can be variable, ranging from membrane holes tens of nanometers in diameter to nearly complete comminution.

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“…In the literature, many different orthodontic materials that could be considered innocent on first assessment, perhaps even more innocent than the dye, have been examined for their toxicity. Orthodontic brackets, 1 bands, 2 elastomeric ligatures, 3 mini-implants, 4 composites, 5 and aligners 6 have been evaluated by researchers, and information has been presented previously. In those papers, the biocompatibility of different orthodontic materials was investigated to determine whether they release ingredients that can be harmful to cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, alternative bracket types, such as nickel-free or esthetic brackets, have also been studied. 1,8 Ceramic, which is manufactured from alumina, was found to be chemically inert in the oral cavity. 8,9 Another esthetic alternative, polycarbonate brackets, spurred debate because of their bisphenol A content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytotoxicity of bracket identification dyes

Çelebi

Altun

Bıçakçı

2018

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objectives: To investigate the potential cytotoxicity of the bracket identification dyes commonly used in orthodontic fixed appliances. Materials and Methods: Six bracket brands representing the market in various aspects were selected. Ten sets of each bracket brand were acquired, and the identification dyes on them were scraped. They were tested for cytotoxicity at three different levels of concentration (2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL), with the aid of a real-time cell analysis system. The results were compared within and between the groups. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. Results: None of the six investigated dyes displayed cytotoxicity at the 2.5 mg/mL concentration. Of the investigated brands, three at 5 mg/mL and four at 10 mg/mL displayed cytotoxicity. Conclusions: Some of the identification dyes in this study did display cytotoxicity at the higher concentrations tested. Alternative methods for bracket identification should be considered.

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Cytotoxicity of esthetic, metallic, and nickel-free orthodontic brackets: Cellular behavior and viability

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

In vitro biocompatibility of nickel-titanium esthetic orthodontic archwires

In vitro biocompatibility of nickel-titanium esthetic orthodontic archwires

Inactivation of Planktonic Escherichia coli by Focused 1-MHz Ultrasound Pulses with Shocks: Efficacy and Kinetics Upon Volume Scale-Up

Cytotoxicity of bracket identification dyes

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