Cytotoxicity of dietary flavonoids on different human cancer types

Sak, Katrin

doi:10.4103/0973-7847.134247

Cited by 400 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Chrysin was initially identified for its anti-oxidant effects and has been shown to possess cancer chemopreventive and anti-tumor effects (6)(7)(8). It inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells in vitro, including cells from the prostate, skin, breast, lung, cervix, thyroid cancer and leukemia (5,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). However, to the best of our knowledge, the effects of chrysin on uveal melanoma cells have not been previously studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysin induces cell apoptosis in human uveal melanoma cells via intrinsic apoptosis

Xue

Chen

et al. 2016

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular malignant tumor in adults. Chrysin is a flavonoid present in honey, propolis, various plants and herbs. In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of chrysin were investigated on human uveal melanoma cell lines (M17 and SP6.5) and associated signaling pathways, and a comparison to the effects on normal ocular cells [scleral fibroblasts and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells] was performed. The effects of chrysin on cell viability were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay. Mitochondrial permeability was determined by JC-1 fluorescein analysis. Cytosol cytochrome c levels, and the activities of caspase-3, -8 and -9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or colorimetric assay. Chrysin reduced the viability of cultured human melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner (0, 10, 30 and 100 µM) with IC 50 at 28.3 and 35.8 µM in SP6.5 and M17 cell lines, respectively. Chrysin at 30-100 µM levels selectively reduced the viability of melanoma cells without affecting the viability of scleral fibroblasts and RPE cells. Chrysin increased mitochondrial permeability, the levels of cytosol cytochrome c, and caspase-9 and -3 activities, but not capase-8 activity in uveal melanoma cells. The results of the present study indicate that chrysin induces apoptosis of human uveal melanoma cells via the mitochondrial signaling pathway and suggest that chrysin may be a promising agent in the treatment of uveal melanoma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysin induces cell apoptosis in human uveal melanoma cells via intrinsic apoptosis

Xue

Chen

et al. 2016

Oncology Letters

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“…Apigenin, baicalein, luteolin, nobiletin and tangeretin have been shown to be the most effective flavonoids against carcinomas of the stomach, whereas luteolin has been shown to be a promising candidate for the treatment of skin cancer (9,10). Hesperidin has been shown to inhibit human pancreatic cancer cell growth and its use has been suggested for the prevention of pancreatic cancer (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer potential of selected Fallopia Adans species

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to determine the anticancer potential of three species belonging to the Fallopia genus (Polygonaceae): Fallopia convolvulus (F. convolvulus, Fallopia dumetorum (F. dumetorum) and Fallopia aubertii (F. aubertii). For this purpose, crude extracts were obtained and characterized for their phenolic and flavonoid total content and examined for their anticancer activity on three tumor cell lines: breast cancer (MCF7), colon carcinoma (Caco-2) and cervical cancer (HeLa) cells. The cytotoxic potential of the three species was assessed by MTT assay, cell cycle analysis and by the evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The acute toxicity of the extracts was evaluated using one in vitro cell model (Vero cells, an African Green monkey kidney cell line) and two invertebrate in vivo models (Daphnia magna and Artemia salina). The highest total phenolic and flavonoid content was found in the F. aubertii flower extracts. The cytotoxic effects of the extracts from F. aubertii and F. convolvulus on all three cell lines were examined at concentrations ranging from 3 to 300 µg/ml. G2/M cell cycle arrest was induced by all the extracts, and a significant increase in the subG1 cell population was observed. The hydroethanolic extract from the flowers of F. aubertii induced cell apoptosis more rapidly than the other extracts. The MMP indicates the involvement of the mitochondria in the induction of apoptosis. A positive correlation between the total phenolic content of the extracts and the IC 50 values against the HeLa cells was also noted. None of the extracts exhibited significantly toxic effects. Considering the antitumor potential of F. aubertii and F. convolvulus, these two species may represent a good source of plant extracts with anticancer properties. IntroductionCancer is the main cause of mortality and morbidity in Europe following cardiovascular diseases and represents the uncontrolled growth and spread of cells that arises from a change in one single cell (1). Each year, millions of individuals are diagnosed with cancer. The disease accounts for the death of approximately 3.5 million individuals annually worldwide (2). It was estimated that only in Europe, in 2012, 3.45 million new cases of cancer were noted, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, and 1.75 million deaths occurred from cancer (3).Throughout history, plant extracts and their purified active components have been the backbone of cancer chemotherapeutics (4). Additionally, structural analogues have been obtained by molecular modifications of the natural compounds and have reinforced the anticancer arsenal (5). It is estimated that over 70% of anticancer compounds are either natural products, or natural product-derived substances (6). The rich diversity of the chemical structures provided by natural resources offers valuable templates for exploring novel molecular scaffolds and is the most significant source of new drug developments (7).Over the past two decades, flavonoid-rich plant extracts and isolated flav...

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“…Among naturally occurring chemicals, flavonoids are considered promising food-derived chemo-preventive but also therapeutic agents against various human cancers (Sak, 2014). Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonol, is one of the most abundant flavonoids found in many fruits and vegetables, such as broccoli, yellow onions, and apples (Boots et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Trolox and Quercetin Combinations on Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Line A2780 and Human Breast Cancer Cell Line T47D-KBluc

et al. 2015

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Our aim was to investigate whether combining two powerful antioxidants such as Trolox and Quercetin could enhance their toxicity against breast and ovarian cancer cells. Human ovarian carcinoma cells from the A2780 line and human mammary gland carcinoma cells belonging to the T47D-KBluc line were incubated in RPMI-1640 supplemented with 50 µM Trolox and various Quercetin concentrations (25 µM, 50 µM and 100 µM). After 24 hours, several test were conducted: cells were stained with trypan blue and the number of viable versus dead cells was counted; cells were stained with Hoechst 33258 and propidium iodide to investigate the incidence of apoptosis and necrosis; cell activity and proliferation was assessed using the MTT test. In the A2780 line 50 µM Trolox + 25µM Quercetin increased the number of apoptotic cells and enzyme activity in these cells, without influencing viability. On the other hand, in the T47D-KBluc line the 50 µM Trolox + 100 µM combination enhanced necrosis and thus reduced the percentages of metabolically active cells. Together with this concentration, a mix made of 50 µM Trolox and 25 µM Quercetin also reduced cell viability. Our research indicates that in combination with Trolox, low concentrations of Quercetin induce apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells, while high concentrations induce necrosis in human breast cancer cells. Quercetin concentrations influence this response significantly. Combining Quercetin with Trolox can enhance their toxicity against breast and ovarian cancer cells.

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Cytotoxicity of dietary flavonoids on different human cancer types

Cited by 400 publications

References 140 publications

Chrysin induces cell apoptosis in human uveal melanoma cells via intrinsic apoptosis

Chrysin induces cell apoptosis in human uveal melanoma cells via intrinsic apoptosis

Anticancer potential of selected Fallopia Adans species

Influence of Trolox and Quercetin Combinations on Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Line A2780 and Human Breast Cancer Cell Line T47D-KBluc

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