Cytotoxicity and anti-leishmanial activity of the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton spongiosum

Abstract

The aim of the present study is the evaluation of the in-vitro cytotoxicity and antileishmanial activities of a methanolic extract and its different fractions of the soft coral Sarcophyton spongiosum collected from the Egyptian Red Sea against three cancer cell lines, A549, HepG2, and MCF-7, and a protozoan, Leishmania major, by the MTT assay protocol. The dichloromethane fraction exhibited significant anti-L. major (IC50 28.1 ± 1.2 µg/mL) and cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 cell line IC50 (31.5 ± 1.1 µg/mL). The ethyl acetate fraction showed promising cytotoxicity against A549 and HepG2 cell lines (IC50 13.4 ± 1.2 and 11.6 ± 1.9 µg/mL, respectively). A preliminary chemical screening of the total methanolic extract indicated of the presence of sterols and diterpenes.

Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of some soft corals inhabiting the red sea, Egypt.

“…where Acontrol is the absorbance of the negative control (DMSO), Atest the absorbance of the test wells, and Ablank the absorbance of the cell-free wells [19].…”

“…Among these peculiar groups come in advanced position the soft corals (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea). This group is among the most abundant organisms of the Red Sea and represent around 40% of all the identified soft coral species worldwide [9]. The crude extracts as well as many of the secondary metabolites of some soft corals exhibited promising biological activities such as neuroprotection, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifouling, and antiprotozoal activities [10,9,11].…”

In vitro Screening of Cytotoxic Activity of the Ink and Nidamental Gland Extracts from the Egyptian Cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Cephalopoda: Sepioidea) on Cancer Cell Lines

“…Moreover, the available cancer medications have exorbitant expenses. Cancer prevention and treatment studies have attracted worldwide interest in discovering more secure, affordable, and less toxic anticancer medicines from natural sources in recent years (Fouad et al, 2021). The major focus is on marine organisms due to their capacity for adaptation (Afifi et al, 2016; Cuttlefish, Ink, Nidamental gland, Cytotoxic activity, Gas chromatography New cancer treatments are desperately needed since the available convetntional cancer drugs have numerous negative consequences.…”