Cytomegalovirus

Safdar, Amar; Armstrong, Donald

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9034-4_37

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 254 publications

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“…While HCMV can infect a wide number of cell types (as demonstrated through a variety of both experimental and ex vivo approaches), viral persistence and latency occur in cells of the myeloid lineage. CD34 + HPCs provide a critical reservoir of latent HCMV infection ( Mendelson et al., 1996 ; Goodrum et al., 2004 ) and infection of HPCs contributes to the hematopoietic abnormalities observed in transplant patients ( Reeves and Sinclair, 2008 ; Ljungman et al., 2011 ; Goodrum, 2016 ; Safdar and Armstrong, 2019 ). In vivo , latently infected HPCs exit the bone marrow in response to cytokine/growth factor signaling, traffic to the periphery, and differentiate into monocytes and tissue macrophages ( Smith et al., 2004 ; Chan et al., 2008 ; Goodrum, 2016 ).…”

Section: Betaherpesvirus Latency and Hematopoiesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematopoietic stem cells and betaherpesvirus latency

Crawford

2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The human betaherpesviruses including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpesvirus (HHV)-6a and HHV-6b, and HHV-7 infect and establish latency in CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs). The diverse repertoire of HPCs in humans and the complex interactions between these viruses and host HPCs regulate the viral lifecycle, including latency. Precise manipulation of host and viral factors contribute to preferential maintenance of the viral genome, increased host cell survival, and specific manipulation of the cellular environment including suppression of neighboring cells and immune control. The dynamic control of these processes by the virus regulate inter- and intra-host signals critical to the establishment of chronic infection. Regulation occurs through direct viral protein interactions and cellular signaling, miRNA regulation, and viral mimics of cellular receptors and ligands, all leading to control of cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Hematopoietic stem cells have unique biological properties and the tandem control of virus and host make this a unique environment for chronic herpesvirus infection in the bone marrow. This review highlights the elegant complexities of the betaherpesvirus latency and HPC virus-host interactions.

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Section: Betaherpesvirus Latency and Hematopoiesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematopoietic stem cells and betaherpesvirus latency

Crawford

2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb. ) ( 1 , 2 ). It is concerning that TB has reemerged as the primary cause of death among infectious diseases globally, following the decline in mortality rates due to COVID-19 ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of care-seeking and diagnosis delay among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Beijing, China

Zhang,

Ma,

Gao

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge in China. Early detection and diagnosis of TB cases are crucial to interrupt disease transmission and prevent its progression. This study aims to describe the delay in seeking care and diagnosis among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and identify the influencing factors in two counties in Beijing.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out to investigate care-seeking and diagnosis delay in two counties in Beijing. Basic information of PTB patients from January 1 to December 31, 2021, was extracted from the Tuberculosis Information Management System of China (TBIMS), and all enrolled patients were interviewed via telephone using a standard questionnaire. Statistical description was performed using the median and interquartile range (IQR). Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results537 patients were enrolled. The median duration of care-seeking and diagnosis delay was 11 (IQR: 5–26) days and 8 (IQR: 0–18) days, with 41.71 and 35.20% of patients experiencing delays (>14 days). The study found that being asymptomatic (OR = 2.791, 95%CI: 1.710–4.555) before seeking medical care and not attending work during treatment (OR = 2.990, 95%CI: 1.419–6.298) were identified as risk factors for care-seeking delay. Patients who were tracked (OR = 2.632, 95%CI: 1.062–6.521) and diagnosed at tuberculosis control and prevention institutions (OR = 1.843, 95%CI: 1.061–3.202) had higher odds of diagnostic delays. 44.69% of patients presented a total delay (>28 days), with a median duration of 25 (IQR: 13–39) days. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that healthy examination (OR = 0.136, 95%CI: 0.043–0.425) was a protective factor for total delay.ConclusionPublic interventions are necessary to improve the efficiency of PTB patients detection and treatment in Beijing. Medical services should focus on the target population and improve access to medical care to further reduce delays for PTB patients.

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CMV as culprit or bystander: The debate continues

Yamada

Madan²

2020

Pediatric Transplantation

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Cytomegalovirus

Cited by 6 publications

References 254 publications

Hematopoietic stem cells and betaherpesvirus latency

Hematopoietic stem cells and betaherpesvirus latency

Analysis of care-seeking and diagnosis delay among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Beijing, China

CMV as culprit or bystander: The debate continues

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