CYTOLOGY AND POLYSACCHARIDE CYTOCHEMISTRY OF THE GILL OF THE AMERICAN EEL,<i>ANGUILLA ROSTRATA</i>

Bird, Dennis J.; Eble, Albert F.

doi:10.2307/1541080

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Basement membrane is composed primarily of mucopolysaccharides, and in gill lamellae it is intimately associated with collagen fibers on the serosal surface (Bird & Eble 1979). Consequently, with few lipid components present, there appear to b e few sites to which the alkyl radical on the detergent molecule can bind or associate (James 1964).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Byrne¹,

Ferguson²

1989

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Rainbow trout 23 to 30cm in fork length were exposed to various concentrations (1 to 40ppm) of a cationic, quaternary ammonium compound, Zephiran. Three ppm was used as a reference value, as this level is recommended at the water hardness found in Southern Ontario (Canada). Gills were examined using light microscopy, scanning and transn~ission electron microscopy. Changes were observed in gills from fish exposed to all concentrations of Zephiran, becoming more severe as the concentration and/or number of exposures increased. Gills were severely spongiot~c and necrotic, and there was much lamellar fusion through apposition. Membrane vesiculation, hydropic degeneration, and exfoliation of lamellar and interlamellar epithelium were also present. Blood chemistry was examined following the second exposure of fish to 3 ppm Zephiran. Haematocrit, serum protein and serum albumin concentrations increased significantly, whereas sodium, chloride and magnesium concentrations decreased; phosphorus, calcium and potassium levels did not change significantly. It is suggested that fish became hypoxic as a result of damage to the gills and that this resulted in a respiratory acidosis causing loss of serum water to the hyperosmotic extravascular tissues. Sodium and chloride were probably lost to the surrounding water via diffusion through the damaged lamellar epithelium. The dramatic drop in sodium and chloride concentration corroborates the severity of lesions seen histologically and ultrastructurally following exposure to Zephiran. In conclusion, the use of Zephiran in the treatment of fish bacterial d~seases (e.g. bacterial gill disease) is not recommended in light of the severe changes which follow exposure to therapeutic concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Byrne¹,

Ferguson²

1989

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…The properties of mucus are largely due to the mucin molecule, yet there have been relatively few studies of isolated fish mucins. Instead, studies have focused on the qualitative immunohistochemical staining of goblet cell contents (Pickering 1974;Yamada 1975;Pickering and Macey 1977;Bird and Eble 1979) or on the quantitative immunohistochemical evaluation of goblet cell numbers and distribution in response to a variety of stressors (Gona 1979;Lopez-Vidriero et al *Corresponding author. 1980; Gladysheva et al 1986;Ferguson et al 1992). Whole body or skin mucus, which is easily collected, has been used in studies examining the properties of fish mucus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and partial characterization of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gill mucin

Lumsden

Ferguson

1994

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Gill mucin from rainbow trout was isolated utilizing two rounds of cesium chloride density ultracentrifugation followed by gel filtration on Sepharose CL-2B. Neither density ultracentrifugation nor gel filtration alone was sufficient for purification of the mucin. Isolated gill mucin had a density of 1.5 g/ml and eluted at the void volume of the Sepharose CL-2B column. Silver-stained reducing 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of gill mucin produced a band at the origin with a smear entering the separating gel. There was no evidence of a link protein in gill mucin on reducing 12% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Gill mucin had an amino acid profile similar to that of mucins in other species. Specifically, 35.1% of the total amino acids were represented by threonine and serine, while another 27.5% were alanine and proline. Gill mucin contained galactose (26.7 ± 3.2%), galactosamine (22.5 ± 4.4%), glucose (16.6 ± 8.7%), fucose (16.1 ± 1.5%), glucosamine (12.0 ± 1.9%) and mannose (5.1 ± 4.4%). Uronic acid levels from purified mucin were very low (0.7 ± 0.1%). Sialic acid was also present (0.06 g/g of mucin protein). The periodic acid-Schiff assay routinely utilized for detection of mucins was relatively insensitive for detection of gill mucin (6 × less sensitive than for pig gastric mucin) so a rabbit antiserum was raised. The antiserum produced profiles similar to the periodic acid-Schiff assay of fractions following gel filtration. Immunofluorescence of formalin-fixed rainbow trout gill tissue sections showed that the antiserum detected mucin within branchial goblet cells.

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“…The increase in mucus production is associated with mucus discharge from goblet cells on the gills and the body (Lock & van Overbeeke, 1981;Eddy & Fraser, 1982;Handy & Eddy, 1989). The histochemistry of body and branchial goblet cells are similar, since both release acidic mucins often rich in sialic acids (Leppi, 1968;Harris et al, 1973;Bird & Eble, 1979;Gona, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro evidence for the ionoregulatory role of rainbow trout mucus in acid, acid/aluminium and zinc toxicity

Handy

Eddy

Romain

1989

Journal of Fish Biology

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Rainbow trout body mucus dialysed with acidified distilled water at pH 7 , 5 and 3 experienced ion depletion which was greatest at pH 3 and minimal between pH 7 and 5. Mucus Na-loss is exacerbated in the presence of I mg I-' aluminium as Al2(SO,), at pH 5 and 7. AI,(SO,), causes greater depletion of Na' from mucus than AICI,. A lethal level ofzinc (2 mg I-') does not deplete mucus Na . or K + . unlike a lethal level ofaluminium (1 mg I ')at pH 7. The results are discussed in terms of the ionoregulatory role of mucus in heavy metal and acid toxicity.

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CYTOLOGY AND POLYSACCHARIDE CYTOCHEMISTRY OF THE GILL OF THE AMERICAN EEL,ANGUILLA ROSTRATA

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Effects of a cationic detergent on the gills and blood chemistry of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri

Isolation and partial characterization of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gill mucin

In vitro evidence for the ionoregulatory role of rainbow trout mucus in acid, acid/aluminium and zinc toxicity

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