Cytokines Driven Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Psoriasis Like Efficacies of Nutraceutical Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Oil

Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by circumscribed, red, thickened plaques with overlying silvery white scales. It is associated with the release of pro-inflammatory mediators that lead to the development of edema and distress. Here we show the anti-inflammatory and anti-psoriatic efficacies of a neutraceutical sea buckthorn oil (SBKT) derived from the fruit pulp of Hippophae rhamnoides. Chemical analysis of the SBKT showed the presence of 16 major saturated, mono-, and polyunsaturated fatty acids components, imparting significant nutritional values. Efficacy of the SBKT in modulating psoriasis and associated inflammation was first tested in vitro using human monocytic (THP-1) cells. SBKT induced cytotoxicity at a dose of ≥25 µl/ml. Treatment of the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells with SBKT subdued the enhanced release of intracellular reactive nitrogen species and expression of NF-κB protein, in a concentration-dependent manner. This was accompanied by a reduction in the release of downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines: Interleukin-1ß and interleukin-6. Tumor necrosis factor-α released in the stimulated THP-1 cells were also inhibited by SBKT dose of 5 µl/ml. In vivo oral and topical treatment with SBKT in the Carrageenan-stimulated paw edema model, showed a significant decrease in paw volume and edema. In the 12-O tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA) stimulated CD-1 mice psoriasis-like model, concurrent oral and tropical SBKT treatments substantially reduced ear edema and ear biopsy weights. Histopathologically, significant reduction in ear epidermal thickness and skin lesion scores was observed in the SBKT-treated animals. In conclusion, SBKT showed anti-inflammatory and anti-psoriasis-like efficacies in healing chemical-induced inflammation and psoriasis. The possible mode of action of SBKT was found through inhibition of reactive nitrogen species, and downregulation of NF-κB protein and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the present data suggest that Sea buckthorn oil can be used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-psoriatic nutraceutical.

Tri-Herbal Medicine Divya Sarva-Kalp-Kwath (Livogrit) Regulates Fatty Acid-Induced Steatosis in Human HepG2 Cells through Inhibition of Intracellular Triglycerides and Extracellular Glycerol Levels

“…The present approach for treating free fatty acid (FFA) induced steatosis is limited to the application of thiazolidinediones and fibrates, in combination with lifestyle modifications [ 31 ]. Recent studies have shown that polyherbal formulations have equivalent efficacy to their allopathic counterparts in healing diseases without causing any side effects [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Therefore, herbal formulations such as Divya Sarva-Kalp-Kwath (SKK) marketed under its brand name ‘Livogrit’ is considered as an alternative therapeutic intervention against steatosis.…”

Super Critical Fluid Extracted Fatty Acids from Withania somnifera Seeds Repair Psoriasis-Like Skin Lesions and Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) Release

“…The TPA-induced mouse ear skin inflammation model, as described previously, was employed with minor modifications [37,38]. Briefly, 20 µL of TPA solution (125 µg/mL in acetone) was applied topically on the mice ear on days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10.…”

“…Anti-psoriatic activity of WSSO was investigated on animals stimulated with TPA. Treatment regime was followed as described for other ayurvedic oil based formulations for skin disorders, where topical application on affected skin was complemented with an oral dose supplement [38][39][40]. Animals were treated with 20 µL topical application WSSO along with 410 or 1230 mg/kg p.o.…”

The bioactive components as well as the nutritional and health effects of sea buckthorn

“…38,39 3 The nutritional and health effects of SB 3.1 Anti-inammatory and immunomodulatory effects 3.1.1 Anti-inammatory effect. SB extract or preparation as well as the isolated component was found to possess anti-inammatory activity, thus may be used for the prevention or treatment of periodontal inammation, 40 oropharyngeal mucositis, 41 skin inammatory disease, 42,43 endotoxin induced sepsis 44 and allergic symptoms, 45 etc. Isorhamnetin, a avonoid abundant in the fruit of SB, showed a variety of anti-inammatory activities.…”

“…Furthermore, the antipsoriasis-like effect of SB oil was estimated with both in vitro (human monocytic cells) and in vivo oral/topical treatment (TPA-induced CD-1 mice psoriasis-like model). 43 So far, the skin benets of SB were mainly reected in skin care as well as the improvements of some skin lesions.…”