Cyclin D1 Induction by Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt/MAPK- and p70s6k-dependent Pathway Promotes Cell Transformation and Tumorigenesis

Comparative assessment of HIF-1α and Akt responses in human lung and skin cells exposed to benzo[α]pyrene: Effect of conditioned medium from pre-exposed primary fibroblasts

“…In the presence of B[α]Ρ, Akt kinase was activated in both epithelial cell lines and exhibited a typical activation profile of a signaling molecule. This observation comes in agreement with other studies, supporting the ability of B[α]P and its metabolites to activate multiple survival signaling pathways, including PI3‐K/Akt and members of the MAPKs (Li et al ; Gao et al, ; Jiao et al ; Ding et al, ). The fact that the early responses of Akt and HIF‐1α coincide, indicates that there might be an interaction between them, similar to the one observed under serum treatment.…”

Comparative assessment of HIF-1α and Akt responses in human lung and skin cells exposed to benzo[α]pyrene: Effect of conditioned medium from pre-exposed primary fibroblasts

“…In the presence of B[α]Ρ, Akt kinase was activated in both epithelial cell lines and exhibited a typical activation profile of a signaling molecule. This observation comes in agreement with other studies, supporting the ability of B[α]P and its metabolites to activate multiple survival signaling pathways, including PI3‐K/Akt and members of the MAPKs (Li et al ; Gao et al, ; Jiao et al ; Ding et al, ). The fact that the early responses of Akt and HIF‐1α coincide, indicates that there might be an interaction between them, similar to the one observed under serum treatment.…”

Azadirachtin Attenuates Carcinogen Benzo(a) Pyrene-Induced DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, Inflammatory, Metabolic, and Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells

“…Consistent with our findings, another group of researchers have shown increased levels of both Cdk1 and cyclin B1 accompanied by G2 arrest after BPDE treatment, which could be due to decreased levels of Cdc 25B and Cdc 25C proteins [57]. The overexpression of cyclin D1, a significant regulator of the G1/S phase, along with the increased synthesis of the Cdk4 protein, was shown to be a critical requirement in B(a)P-induced cell cycle progression [64,65]. A recent review suggested that abnormalities in cyclin D and/or the overexpression of Cdk4/6 can promote tumorigenesis and are deemed critical therapeutic targets for multiple cancers [66,67].…”

Over expression of PTEN induces apoptosis and prevents cell proliferation in breast cancer cells

“…In these four days, the PTEN over expressed cells showed significantly compromised cell growth (P<0.05) when compared to the controls. These results suggest that PTEN over expression suppressing the cell proliferation efficiently and that might be due to the cell cycle arrest (G1 phase) by inhibiting P13K/AKT pathways as reported in the previous studies (Tamura et al, 1998;Weng et al, 1999;Ding et al, 2009;Gao et al, 2009;Lu et al, 2016).…”

Comparative assessment of HIF-1α and Akt responses in human lung and skin cells exposed to benzo[α]pyrene: Effect of conditioned medium from pre-exposed primary fibroblasts

“…In the presence of B[α]Ρ, Akt kinase was activated in both epithelial cell lines and exhibited a typical activation profile of a signaling molecule. This observation comes in agreement with other studies, supporting the ability of B[α]P and its metabolites to activate multiple survival signaling pathways, including PI3‐K/Akt and members of the MAPKs (Li et al ; Gao et al, ; Jiao et al ; Ding et al, ). The fact that the early responses of Akt and HIF‐1α coincide, indicates that there might be an interaction between them, similar to the one observed under serum treatment.…”

Azadirachtin Attenuates Carcinogen Benzo(a) Pyrene-Induced DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, Inflammatory, Metabolic, and Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells

“…Consistent with our findings, another group of researchers have shown increased levels of both Cdk1 and cyclin B1 accompanied by G2 arrest after BPDE treatment, which could be due to decreased levels of Cdc 25B and Cdc 25C proteins [57]. The overexpression of cyclin D1, a significant regulator of the G1/S phase, along with the increased synthesis of the Cdk4 protein, was shown to be a critical requirement in B(a)P-induced cell cycle progression [64,65]. A recent review suggested that abnormalities in cyclin D and/or the overexpression of Cdk4/6 can promote tumorigenesis and are deemed critical therapeutic targets for multiple cancers [66,67].…”

Over expression of PTEN induces apoptosis and prevents cell proliferation in breast cancer cells

“…In these four days, the PTEN over expressed cells showed significantly compromised cell growth (P<0.05) when compared to the controls. These results suggest that PTEN over expression suppressing the cell proliferation efficiently and that might be due to the cell cycle arrest (G1 phase) by inhibiting P13K/AKT pathways as reported in the previous studies (Tamura et al, 1998;Weng et al, 1999;Ding et al, 2009;Gao et al, 2009;Lu et al, 2016).…”

Comparative assessment of HIF-1α and Akt responses in human lung and skin cells exposed to benzo[α]pyrene: Effect of conditioned medium from pre-exposed primary fibroblasts

“…In the presence of B[α]Ρ, Akt kinase was activated in both epithelial cell lines and exhibited a typical activation profile of a signaling molecule. This observation comes in agreement with other studies, supporting the ability of B[α]P and its metabolites to activate multiple survival signaling pathways, including PI3‐K/Akt and members of the MAPKs (Li et al ; Gao et al, ; Jiao et al ; Ding et al, ). The fact that the early responses of Akt and HIF‐1α coincide, indicates that there might be an interaction between them, similar to the one observed under serum treatment.…”

Azadirachtin Attenuates Carcinogen Benzo(a) Pyrene-Induced DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis, Inflammatory, Metabolic, and Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells

“…Consistent with our findings, another group of researchers have shown increased levels of both Cdk1 and cyclin B1 accompanied by G2 arrest after BPDE treatment, which could be due to decreased levels of Cdc 25B and Cdc 25C proteins [57]. The overexpression of cyclin D1, a significant regulator of the G1/S phase, along with the increased synthesis of the Cdk4 protein, was shown to be a critical requirement in B(a)P-induced cell cycle progression [64,65]. A recent review suggested that abnormalities in cyclin D and/or the overexpression of Cdk4/6 can promote tumorigenesis and are deemed critical therapeutic targets for multiple cancers [66,67].…”

Over expression of PTEN induces apoptosis and prevents cell proliferation in breast cancer cells

“…In these four days, the PTEN over expressed cells showed significantly compromised cell growth (P<0.05) when compared to the controls. These results suggest that PTEN over expression suppressing the cell proliferation efficiently and that might be due to the cell cycle arrest (G1 phase) by inhibiting P13K/AKT pathways as reported in the previous studies (Tamura et al, 1998;Weng et al, 1999;Ding et al, 2009;Gao et al, 2009;Lu et al, 2016).…”