Cutaneous mycosis caused by Paecilomyces lilacinus

Takayasu, S.

doi:10.1001/archderm.113.12.1687

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…treated successfully with pimaricin, and one of orbital granuloma [1] which failed to respond to intravenous amphotericin B. P. lilacinus has also been implicated in a case of chronic maxillary sinusitis [14]; in a cutaneous condition in a 20-year-old woman, in which erythematous scaly plaques persisted for 15 years [17]; and in a case of pleural effusion in a 20-year-old man, which responded to amphotericin B [2]. A potential for more serious involvement is indicated by a recent report of systemic infection in an armadillo [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Corneal transplant infection byPaecilomyces lilacinus

Gordon

Norton

1985

Med Mycol

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Paecilomyces lilacinus was cultured from an ulcerated corneal transplant, sections of which, following surgical removal, revealed dense mycelial growth throughout the corneal remnant and penetrating Descemet's membrane. PAS-stained sections showed, in addition to the hyphae, numerous small, ovoid elements consistent with conidia of P. lilacinus. Infection apparently had spread to the transplant from the recipient's cornea. The fungal isolate proved resistant, in vitro, to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, and pimaricin, but sensitive to ketoconazole and moderately sensitive to miconazole. Following a second transplant and intensive antifungal therapy, the infection appears to have been eliminated.Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thorn) Samson 1974 is a common soil-dwelling mold which seldom has been associated with human disease. However, it is often found in tap water and is a notorious contaminant of sterile solutions, which largely accounts for the fact that the majority of infections by this species have occurred in connection with surgical procedures involving the eyes. The first reported case of endophthalmitis attributed to P. lilacinus resulted from an iridencleisis performed to alleviate glaucoma[10]. The eye was saved with the aid of amphotericin B injected subconjunctivally and into the anterior chamber, but vision was reduced to bare light perception. As second case followed cataract extraction [8]. The most extensive series of P. lilacinus infections in the United States occurred in 1975 [13], with 12 cases of endophthalmitis, all of them following cataract extraction, scattered throughout the country. In 11 of these a Luminex lens, and in the twelth a Rayner lens, had been implanted. P. lilacinus was isolated from the bicarbonate neutralizing solution of an unused Luminex lens package in association with some of the cases. In this series, according to O'Day [13], six eyes were lost and vision was seriously impaired in the remainder, therapy with amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine having proven ineffective. Subsequently, Miller et al. [12] reported that one of these eyes was salvaged and the fungal infection eliminated after surgery and treatment with several antifungal agents. Additional cases with ocular involvement comprised two of keratitis [3,6], one of which was

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confidence: 99%

Corneal transplant infection byPaecilomyces lilacinus

Gordon

Norton

1985

Med Mycol

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“…It is known that P. lilacinus can be a human pathogen (Takayasu et al, 1977), but there is a large differentiation in host infection between strains of this fungus. Several strains are registered as a biopesticides against plant parasitic nematodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P. lilacinus is a common soil hyphomycete with a cosmopolitan distribution (Samson, 1974) and has been most widely tested for the control of root-knot and cyst nematodes. This fungus has also been reported as a human pathogen (Takayasu et al, 1977). P. lilacinusis used mainly under tropical conditions, e.g., in the Philippines (Jatala, 1986) and the Republic of South Africa (Neethling, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematophagous fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson is also a biological agent for control of greenhouse insects and mite pests

Fiedler

Sоsnowska

2007

BioControl

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Pathogenicity of nematophagous fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson in control of the most destructive greenhouse pests such as: greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, glasshouse red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii and western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis was examined in laboratory and pot experiments. The fungus showed the greatest efficacy in controlling winged and wingless forms of the cotton aphid. The cotton aphid's population was almost totally eliminated. In controlling the greenhouse whitefly, P. lilacinus was most successful when applied against nymphal growth stages (L 3 -L 4 ). Control of the western flower thrips was most efficient against prepupal and pupal stages when the fungus was applied as a water spore suspension to the soil. When the fungus was applied at temperatures below 10°C, it was able to reduce a glasshouse red spider mite population by 60%.

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“…Other species isolated during this study are known to be associated with opportunistic fungal infections, such as onycomycosis (A. versicolor, A. ustus, F. solani, and F. oxysporum) (Veraldi et al, 2010), human otitis (A. flavus, A. japonicus) (Agudo et al, 2011), cutaneous mycosis (P. lilacinum) (Takayasu et al, 1977), pulmonary aspergillosis (A. flavus) (Kousha et al, 2011) and other opportunistic fungal infections (F. solani and F. oxysporum) (Nucci & Anaissie, 2002). We have also isolated well known allergenic species (C. cladosporioides and C. herbarum) (Zhang et al, 1996;Chou et al, 2008).…”

Section: Final Considerations For the Touristic Use Of Lapa Nova Cavementioning

confidence: 93%

Mycological study for a management plan of a neotropical show cave (Brazil)

Taylor¹,

Stoianoff²,

Ferreira³

2013

IJS

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Caves are stable environments with characteristics favoring the development of microorganisms. The allocthonous input of organic matter and microbes into the warm Neotropical caves may favor the development of filamentous fungi, including pathogenic species. Histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic species commonly found in caves and associated with bat and bird guano. Many Brazilian caves have been historically visited due to scenic and religious tourism. The objective of this study was to perform a microbiology study for a management plan of a show cave in Brazil, focusing on the presence and distribution of pathogenic and opportunistic fungi in the cave. Statistic analysis was used to verify the influence of touristic activity on airborne fungi spore load. Fungi were isolated from air and guano in Lapa Nova Cave. Samples were obtained through serial dilution, direct and settle plate techniques. For H. capsulatum, samples were incubated in specific media and conditions. Airborne fungal spore load was compared prior and during visitation and statistically analyzed. A total of 2,575 isolates from the genera Aspergillus, Calcarisporium, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Emericella, Eurotium, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Gliocladium, Mucor, Purpureocillium, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma were identified. Histoplasma capsulatum was not isolated from the cave. Eleven opportunistic species were identified. Significant (p<0.05) variations on fungal richness in the air occurred due to cave visitation. Areas of potential microbiologic risks were indicated and management actions suggested. The results suggest a diverse community inhabiting the cave. Possible opportunistic species should be monitored in show caves and microbiota should always be included in the elaboration of cave management plans. This is the first detailed microbiologic study for a management plan of a show cave in the country. It provides relevant information for future management plans

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Cutaneous mycosis caused by Paecilomyces lilacinus

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Corneal transplant infection byPaecilomyces lilacinus

Corneal transplant infection byPaecilomyces lilacinus

Nematophagous fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson is also a biological agent for control of greenhouse insects and mite pests

Mycological study for a management plan of a neotropical show cave (Brazil)

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